ch01
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. Most of the terminology to name and describe body parts and their functions comes from
A. Latin and Greek.
B. English and Italian.
C. picture drawings on the cave walls of our ancestors.
D. the language of hunter-gatherers.
2. An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how temperature changes affect the rate at
which the heart beats is most likely a(n)
A. anatomist.
B. physiologist.
C. chemist.
D. biochemist.
3. Anatomy and physiology are difficult to separate because
A. physiological functions depend on anatomical structures.
B. physiological functions in an organism are ongoing.
C. body parts take up space.
D. our understanding of physiology is changing more than our understanding of anatomy.
4. The activities of an anatomist consist of ______, whereas those of a physiologist consist of _____.
A. observing body parts; studying functions of body parts
B. conducting experiments; making microscopic examinations
C. studying molecules; observing forms of the body parts
D. sketching; dissecting
5. The origin of the term "anatomy" is related to
A. the Greek word for "function."
B. the name of the first anatomist.
C. the Greek word for "cutting up."
D. the function of internal organs.
6. The term "physiology" is related to
A. the Latin for "physical shape."
B. the structure of internal organs.
C. the Greek for "cutting up."
D. the Greek for "relationship to nature."
7. The recent discovery of taste receptors that detect sweetness in the small intestine illustrates that
A. chemical responses occur in only one part of the body.
B. new discoveries about anatomy and physiology are still being made.
C. everything there is to know about anatomy and physiology has been discovered.
D. the molecular and cellular level is of little interest in anatomy and physiology.
8. Which of the following is not true of organelles?
A. They carry on specific activities.
B. They are only in cells of humans.
C. They are composed of aggregates of large molecules.
D. They are found in many types of cells.
,9. Which of the following lists best illustrates the idea of increasing levels of complexity?
A. Cells, tissues, organelles, organs, organ systems
B. Tissues, cells, organs, organelles, organ systems
C. Organs, organelles, organ systems, cells, tissues
D. Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
10. In all organisms, the basic unit of structure and function is
A. the atom.
B. the molecule.
C. the macromolecule.
D. the cell.
11. Specialized cell types organized in a way that provides a specific function form
A. tissues, which build organs.
B. organs, which build tissues.
C. organ systems, which build tissues.
D. atoms, which comprise tissues.
12. Simple squamous epithelium is an example of a(n)
A. organ system.
B. organ.
C. tissue.
D. molecule.
13. Assimilation is
A. changing absorbed substances into different chemical forms.
B. breaking down foods into nutrients that the body can absorb.
C. eliminating waste from the body.
D. an increase in body size without a change in overall shape.
14. The ability of an organism to sense and react to changes in its body illustrates
A. circulation.
B. respiration.
C. responsiveness.
D. absorption.
15. The removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions is
A. metabolism.
B. absorption.
C. assimilation.
D. excretion.
16. Which of the following characteristics of life and their descriptions are correct?
A. Responsiveness-obtaining and using oxygen to release energy from food
B. Assimilation-sensing changes inside or outside the body and reacting to them
C. Respiration-changing absorbed substances into forms that are chemically different from those that
entered the body fluids
D. Circulation-the movement of substances in body fluids
17. Metabolism is defined as _____.
A. the removal of wastes produced by chemical reactions
B. the breakdown of substances into simpler forms
C. the taking in of nutrients
D. all the chemical reactions occurring in an organism that support life
,18. Which of the following processes does not help to maintain the life of an individual organism?
A. Responsiveness
B. Movement
C. Reproduction
D. Respiration
19. Which of the following processes is most important to continuation of the human species?
A. Responsiveness
B. Movement
C. Reproduction
D. Respiration
20. Homeostasis is the
A. inability to keep body weight within normal limits.
B. room temperature decreasing because a window is open.
C. ingestion of more food than you need to eat.
D. tendency of the body to maintain a stable internal environment.
21. Which of the following is not an example of a homeostatic mechanism in the human body?
A. Shivering when body temperature falls below normal.
B. Increasing heart rate and force of contraction when blood pressure falls.
C. Retaining fluid leading to retaining more fluid.
D. Secreting insulin after a meal to return blood sugar concentration toward normal.
22. Living organisms use oxygen to __________________.
A. reduce heat production
B. donate electrons for cellular metabolism
C. release energy stored in the molecules of food
D. remove metabolic wastes
23. Maintaining a stable internal environment typically requires
A. positive feedback mechanisms.
B. an unstable outside environment.
C. decreased atmospheric pressure.
D. negative feedback mechanisms.
24. A blood clot stimulating further clotting is an example of
A. a positive feedback mechanism.
B. a negative feedback mechanism.
C. a process turning itself off.
D. nervous system communication.
25. Which of the following must the human body obtain from the environment in order to survive?
A. Nitrogen
B. Wastes
C. Water
D. Carbon dioxide
26. Homeostasis exists if concentrations of water, nutrients, and oxygen in the body and heat and pressure
__________.
A. decrease steadily
B. remain within certain limited ranges
C. increase when the body is stressed
D. fluctuate greatly between very high and low values
, 27. In negative feedback mechanisms changes away from the normal state
A. stimulate changes in the same direction.
B. inhibit all body reactions.
C. stimulate changes in the opposite direction.
D. stimulate a reduction in all requirements of the body.
28. Positive feedback mechanisms
A. cause long term changes.
B. move conditions away from the normal state.
C. bring conditions back to the normal state.
D. usually produce stable conditions.
29. Which of the following illustrates a positive feedback mechanism?
A. Maintaining blood pressure
B. Uterine contractions during childbirth
C. Body temperature control
D. Control of blood sugar
30. Positive feedback mechanisms usually produce
A. changes returning values toward a set point.
B. stable conditions around a set point.
C. unstable conditions.
D. long-term changes.
31. Which of the following is true concerning the female reproductive system?
A. It produces female sex cells.
B. It transports the female sex cells.
C. It can support the development of an embryo.
D. All of the above.
32. Which of the following organs is in the abdominopelvic cavity?
A. The heart
B. The trachea
C. The thymus
D. The liver
33. The membrane on the surface of a lung is called the
A. visceral pleura.
B. parietal pleura.
C. visceral pericardium.
D. parietal pericardium.
34. Which action is the main function of the digestive system?
A. Formation of cells
B. Movement of body parts
C. Absorption of nutrients
D. Providing oxygen for the extraction of energy from nutrients
35. Which of the following is not part of the female reproductive system?
A. The uterus
B. The uterine tube
C. The vulva
D. The bulbourethral gland
36. The thoracic cavity lies _____________ the abdominopelvic cavity.
A. dorsal (posterior) to
B. ventral (anterior) to
C. superior to
D. inferior to
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. Most of the terminology to name and describe body parts and their functions comes from
A. Latin and Greek.
B. English and Italian.
C. picture drawings on the cave walls of our ancestors.
D. the language of hunter-gatherers.
2. An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how temperature changes affect the rate at
which the heart beats is most likely a(n)
A. anatomist.
B. physiologist.
C. chemist.
D. biochemist.
3. Anatomy and physiology are difficult to separate because
A. physiological functions depend on anatomical structures.
B. physiological functions in an organism are ongoing.
C. body parts take up space.
D. our understanding of physiology is changing more than our understanding of anatomy.
4. The activities of an anatomist consist of ______, whereas those of a physiologist consist of _____.
A. observing body parts; studying functions of body parts
B. conducting experiments; making microscopic examinations
C. studying molecules; observing forms of the body parts
D. sketching; dissecting
5. The origin of the term "anatomy" is related to
A. the Greek word for "function."
B. the name of the first anatomist.
C. the Greek word for "cutting up."
D. the function of internal organs.
6. The term "physiology" is related to
A. the Latin for "physical shape."
B. the structure of internal organs.
C. the Greek for "cutting up."
D. the Greek for "relationship to nature."
7. The recent discovery of taste receptors that detect sweetness in the small intestine illustrates that
A. chemical responses occur in only one part of the body.
B. new discoveries about anatomy and physiology are still being made.
C. everything there is to know about anatomy and physiology has been discovered.
D. the molecular and cellular level is of little interest in anatomy and physiology.
8. Which of the following is not true of organelles?
A. They carry on specific activities.
B. They are only in cells of humans.
C. They are composed of aggregates of large molecules.
D. They are found in many types of cells.
,9. Which of the following lists best illustrates the idea of increasing levels of complexity?
A. Cells, tissues, organelles, organs, organ systems
B. Tissues, cells, organs, organelles, organ systems
C. Organs, organelles, organ systems, cells, tissues
D. Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
10. In all organisms, the basic unit of structure and function is
A. the atom.
B. the molecule.
C. the macromolecule.
D. the cell.
11. Specialized cell types organized in a way that provides a specific function form
A. tissues, which build organs.
B. organs, which build tissues.
C. organ systems, which build tissues.
D. atoms, which comprise tissues.
12. Simple squamous epithelium is an example of a(n)
A. organ system.
B. organ.
C. tissue.
D. molecule.
13. Assimilation is
A. changing absorbed substances into different chemical forms.
B. breaking down foods into nutrients that the body can absorb.
C. eliminating waste from the body.
D. an increase in body size without a change in overall shape.
14. The ability of an organism to sense and react to changes in its body illustrates
A. circulation.
B. respiration.
C. responsiveness.
D. absorption.
15. The removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions is
A. metabolism.
B. absorption.
C. assimilation.
D. excretion.
16. Which of the following characteristics of life and their descriptions are correct?
A. Responsiveness-obtaining and using oxygen to release energy from food
B. Assimilation-sensing changes inside or outside the body and reacting to them
C. Respiration-changing absorbed substances into forms that are chemically different from those that
entered the body fluids
D. Circulation-the movement of substances in body fluids
17. Metabolism is defined as _____.
A. the removal of wastes produced by chemical reactions
B. the breakdown of substances into simpler forms
C. the taking in of nutrients
D. all the chemical reactions occurring in an organism that support life
,18. Which of the following processes does not help to maintain the life of an individual organism?
A. Responsiveness
B. Movement
C. Reproduction
D. Respiration
19. Which of the following processes is most important to continuation of the human species?
A. Responsiveness
B. Movement
C. Reproduction
D. Respiration
20. Homeostasis is the
A. inability to keep body weight within normal limits.
B. room temperature decreasing because a window is open.
C. ingestion of more food than you need to eat.
D. tendency of the body to maintain a stable internal environment.
21. Which of the following is not an example of a homeostatic mechanism in the human body?
A. Shivering when body temperature falls below normal.
B. Increasing heart rate and force of contraction when blood pressure falls.
C. Retaining fluid leading to retaining more fluid.
D. Secreting insulin after a meal to return blood sugar concentration toward normal.
22. Living organisms use oxygen to __________________.
A. reduce heat production
B. donate electrons for cellular metabolism
C. release energy stored in the molecules of food
D. remove metabolic wastes
23. Maintaining a stable internal environment typically requires
A. positive feedback mechanisms.
B. an unstable outside environment.
C. decreased atmospheric pressure.
D. negative feedback mechanisms.
24. A blood clot stimulating further clotting is an example of
A. a positive feedback mechanism.
B. a negative feedback mechanism.
C. a process turning itself off.
D. nervous system communication.
25. Which of the following must the human body obtain from the environment in order to survive?
A. Nitrogen
B. Wastes
C. Water
D. Carbon dioxide
26. Homeostasis exists if concentrations of water, nutrients, and oxygen in the body and heat and pressure
__________.
A. decrease steadily
B. remain within certain limited ranges
C. increase when the body is stressed
D. fluctuate greatly between very high and low values
, 27. In negative feedback mechanisms changes away from the normal state
A. stimulate changes in the same direction.
B. inhibit all body reactions.
C. stimulate changes in the opposite direction.
D. stimulate a reduction in all requirements of the body.
28. Positive feedback mechanisms
A. cause long term changes.
B. move conditions away from the normal state.
C. bring conditions back to the normal state.
D. usually produce stable conditions.
29. Which of the following illustrates a positive feedback mechanism?
A. Maintaining blood pressure
B. Uterine contractions during childbirth
C. Body temperature control
D. Control of blood sugar
30. Positive feedback mechanisms usually produce
A. changes returning values toward a set point.
B. stable conditions around a set point.
C. unstable conditions.
D. long-term changes.
31. Which of the following is true concerning the female reproductive system?
A. It produces female sex cells.
B. It transports the female sex cells.
C. It can support the development of an embryo.
D. All of the above.
32. Which of the following organs is in the abdominopelvic cavity?
A. The heart
B. The trachea
C. The thymus
D. The liver
33. The membrane on the surface of a lung is called the
A. visceral pleura.
B. parietal pleura.
C. visceral pericardium.
D. parietal pericardium.
34. Which action is the main function of the digestive system?
A. Formation of cells
B. Movement of body parts
C. Absorption of nutrients
D. Providing oxygen for the extraction of energy from nutrients
35. Which of the following is not part of the female reproductive system?
A. The uterus
B. The uterine tube
C. The vulva
D. The bulbourethral gland
36. The thoracic cavity lies _____________ the abdominopelvic cavity.
A. dorsal (posterior) to
B. ventral (anterior) to
C. superior to
D. inferior to
