TEST BANK FOR UNDERSTANDING NURSING RESEARCH 7TH EDITION BY GROVE

1. Which type of research design focuses on implementation of a treatment by the researcher? a. Correlational b. Descriptive c. Experimental d. Longitudinal ANS: C Experimental and quasi-experimental studies are designed to examine causality between a researcher-implemented treatment and a study outcome. Correlational and descriptive designs are nonexperimental studies that focus on examining variables as they naturally occur and not on the implementation of a treatment by the researcher. Longitudinal design refers to data collection from the same subjects at different points in time and may or may not be used with experimental or nonexperimental studies. DIF: Cognitive level: Comprehension 2. A researcher administers a written test to evaluate knowledge of insulin administration and glucose monitoring to a group of subjects at annual intervals over the next decade. This is an example of which type of study design? a. Correlational b. Cross-sectional c. Descriptive d. Longitudinal ANS: D Longitudinal design refers to data collection from the same subjects at different points in time. Correlational studies seek to examine relationships among variables without manipulation of a treatment by the researcher. Cross-sectional designs examine a group of subjects simultaneously in various stages of development, illness severity, or recovery to identify changes in a phenomenon across stages. A descriptive study is used to examine variables as they occur naturally without manipulation of variables. DIF: Cognitive level: Applying 3. A nurse researcher wishes to identify rates of pertussis infection in children less than 1 year of age and then again at 6 years of age to examine the relationship of immunization status on infection rates in this population. This is an example of which type of study design? a. Correlational, longitudinal b. Correlational, cross-sectional c. Descriptive, longitudinal d. Descriptive, cross-sectional ANS: A NURSINGTB.COM Understanding Nursing Research 7th Edition Grove Test Bank NURSINGTB.COM A correlational study design looks at predictive relationships between variables. A longitudinal study design refers to data collection from the same subjects at different points in time. Cross-sectional designs examine a group of subjects simultaneously in various stages of development, illness severity, or recovery to identify changes in a phenomenon across stages. A descriptive study is used to examine variables as they occur naturally without manipulation. DIF: Cognitive level: Applying 4. Which statement is true about a descriptive study design? a. It is not possible to operationally define variables in this type of study. b. Sample selection and size cannot be controlled in descriptive studies. c. This type of design is used to identify problems occurring in practice. d. Variables may be manipulated to avoid bias in this type of study. ANS: C Descriptive designs may be used to develop theories and identify problems with current practice. Descriptive designs may involve operational definitions of variables, but variables are not manipulated in descriptive studies. Protection against bias in a descriptive design is achieved through conceptual and operational definition of variables, sample selection and size, valid and reliable instruments, and data collection procedures that partially control the environment. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding 5. A nurse conducts a study to see whether there are differences in the number of books Latino parents and the number of books African-American parents read to their toddlers each week. Which type of study will this researcher utilize? a. Comparative descriptive b. Correlational c. Cross-sectional d. Longitudinal ANS: A A comparative descriptive design is used to describe variables and to examine differences in variables