Control of pH
Organs involved in
pH control
Lungs
Kidneys
Acids produce protons in solution
Bases accept protons in solution
HA s Ht t A Chemical pH range
Acid Proton Conjugate base
Strong acids dissociate
k CH'T t A more than weak acids
HA
Ht in plasma is in order of nanomolar nm
pH logto Ht
8
e in the body mean Ht 40rem Log 4 10 7.4
g
Normal pH in body 7.4 slightly alkaline EXTRACELLULAR
metabolism will make blood more acidic e g CO2
Venous blood is slightly more acidic 7.35
Arterial blood is slightly more alkaline 7.45
Intracellular pH is much more acidic e g Lysosomes 5 1 stomach 2 3
Physiological pH range 35 7.45 at Sea sftT Tµ
Pathophysiological pH range 6.8 8
Acidemia pHof blood 1 state
Acidosis condition that gives rise Acidemia Alkalemia
to the state
Origin of acids 1 bases
Acids from metabolic activity
cellular
production of CO2 1 Loss of CO2 at Lungs
foods proteins containing phosphorous sulphur sulphuric acid
organic acids from metabolism Lactic acid fatty acids ketones
bicarbonate loss diarrhoea kidney disease
Bases Ventilation CO2 loss
HCL secretion from stomach 1 vomiting
kidney function bicarbonate reabsorption
Organs involved in
pH control
Lungs
Kidneys
Acids produce protons in solution
Bases accept protons in solution
HA s Ht t A Chemical pH range
Acid Proton Conjugate base
Strong acids dissociate
k CH'T t A more than weak acids
HA
Ht in plasma is in order of nanomolar nm
pH logto Ht
8
e in the body mean Ht 40rem Log 4 10 7.4
g
Normal pH in body 7.4 slightly alkaline EXTRACELLULAR
metabolism will make blood more acidic e g CO2
Venous blood is slightly more acidic 7.35
Arterial blood is slightly more alkaline 7.45
Intracellular pH is much more acidic e g Lysosomes 5 1 stomach 2 3
Physiological pH range 35 7.45 at Sea sftT Tµ
Pathophysiological pH range 6.8 8
Acidemia pHof blood 1 state
Acidosis condition that gives rise Acidemia Alkalemia
to the state
Origin of acids 1 bases
Acids from metabolic activity
cellular
production of CO2 1 Loss of CO2 at Lungs
foods proteins containing phosphorous sulphur sulphuric acid
organic acids from metabolism Lactic acid fatty acids ketones
bicarbonate loss diarrhoea kidney disease
Bases Ventilation CO2 loss
HCL secretion from stomach 1 vomiting
kidney function bicarbonate reabsorption
