Case|Elaborated/Answered| NURS 310 - Nursing Assessment for the RN - Vsims Carl Shapiro Vanessa Forrest

Case|Elaborated/Answered| NURS 310 - Nursing Assessment for the RN - Vsims Carl Shapiro Vanessa Forrest Angina is usually caused by atherosclerotic disease. Almost invariably, angina is associated with a significant obstruction of at least one major coronary artery. Normally, the myocardium extracts a large amount of oxygen from the coronary circulation to meet its continuous demands. When demand increases, flow through the coronary arteries needs to be increased. When there is a blockage in a coronary artery, flow cannot be increased and ischemia results. DIAGNOSTIC TESTS (REASON FOR TEST AND RESULTS) PATIENT INFORMATION ANTICIPATED PHYSICAL FINDINGS -12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) such as T-wave inversion, ST-segment elevation, or the development of an abnormal Q wave (may show changes indicative of ischemia) - Laboratory studies are performed (creatine kinase, troponin, myoglobin, CKMB) - exercise/pharmacologic stress test in which the heart is monitored continuously by an ECG, echocardiogram - nuclear scan or invasive procedure -mild indigestion to a choking or heavy sensation in the upper chest. -severity ranges from discomfort to agonizing pain. -It’s often felt deep in the chest behind the sternum (retrosternal area). -Typically, the pain or discomfort is poorly localized and may radiate to the neck, jaw,shoulders, and inner aspects of the upper arms, usually the left arm. -patient often feels tightness or a heavy choking or strangling sensation that has a vise like, insistent quality