NUR 2063 / NUR2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology Exam 1 Review| Module 1 / 2 / 3 Highly Rated | Latest, 2020 / 2021 | Rasmussen College

Pathophysiology Notes: Modules 1, 2, & 3 Module 1 Chapter 2: Homeostasis, Allostasis, and Adaptive Responses to Stressors Homeostasis & Allostasis Homeostasis:  Remaining stable while staying the same  A state in which all systems are in balance  A state of equilibrium  An ideal “set point” despite alterations within the body Allostasis:  Ability to successfully adapt to challenges  Intricate regulatory processes orchestrated by the brain  A dynamic process that maintains or re-establishes homeostasis in light of environmental and lifestyle changes Stress As A Concept  Physical, chemical, or emotional factor resulting in tension of body or mind  Actual physical and mental state that tension produces  Real or perceived threat to homeostasis  Direct consciously or indirect unconsciously sensed threat to the stability of the organism  Physical, chemical, or emotional factor resulting in tension of body or mind  Actual physical and mental state that tension produces  Real or perceived threat to homeostasis  Direct consciously or indirect unconsciously sensed threat to the stability of the organism General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) (Selye)  Three stages: Alarm, resistance/adaption, and exhaustion  Alarm stage: fight-or-flight response as the result of stressful stimulus  Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis  Resistance/adaptation: activity of the nervous and endocrine systems in returning the body to homeostasis  Allostatic state: activity of various systems attempting to restore homeostasis  Exhaustion: point where body can no longer return to homeostasis  Allostatic overload: “cost” of body’s organs and tissues for an excessive or ineffectively regulated allostatic response; effect of “wear and tear” on the body