WORKSHEET ON DISTURBANCES IN METABOLISM
I. Anatomy of the Digestive System
A. Complete the following statements by inserting your answers in the blanks:
The digestive system is responsible for many body processes. One of its
functions is (1) _______________ which begins when food is taken into the mouth.
The process (2) _______________ occurs as food is broken down both chemically
and mechanically. For the broken down foods to be made available to the body cells,
they must be absorbed through the digestive system walls into the (3)
_______________. Un-digestible food remains are removed, or (4)
_______________, from the body in the form of (5) __________________. The
organs forming a continuous tube from the mouth to the anus are collectively called
the (6) _______________. Organs located outside the digestive tract proper, which
secrete products into the digestive tract, are referred to as (7) _______________
digestive system organs.
B. Various types of glands secrete substances into the alimentary canal. Match the
glands listed in Column B to the functions/locations described in Column A. Place
the correct term in the answer blanks.
Column A Column B
______________________ 1. Produce an enzyme-poor “juice” Gastric glands
containing mucus found in the
submucosa of the small Intestinal glands
intestine
______________________ 2. Secretion includes amylase, Liver
which begins with starch digestion
in the mouth. Pancreas
______________________ 3. Ducts a variety of enzymes in an
alkaline fluid into the duodenum Salivary glands
______________________ 4. Produces bile, which is transported
to the duodenum via the bile duct
______________________ 5. Produce hydrochloric acid and
pepsinogen
, C. Using the key choices, fill in the blanks with the appropriate term being identified in
the following descriptions:
Key choices:
Anus Mesentery Small intestine
Appendix Microvilli Soft palate
Large intestine Oral cavity Stomach
Esophagus Parietal peritoneum Tongue
Greater omentum Peyer’s patches Oral vestibule
Hard palate Oropharynx Villi
Haustra Plicae circulars Visceral peritoneum
Ileocecal valve Pyloric sphincter
Lesser omentum Rugae
_____________________ 1. A structure that suspends the small intestine from the
posterior body wall
_____________________ 2. Finger-like extensions of the intestinal mucosa that
increase the surface area
_____________________ 3. Collections of lymphatic tissue found in the submucosa
of the small intestine
_____________________ 4. Folds of the wall of small intestine
_____________________ 5. Two anatomical regions involved in the mechanical
breakdown of food
_____________________ 6. An organ that mixes food in the mouth and initiates
swallowing
_____________________ 7. Common passage for food and air
_____________________ 8. Three extensions or modifications of the peritoneum
_____________________ 9. Literally a food chute; it has no digestive or absorptive role
_____________________ 10. Folds of the stomach mucosa
_____________________ 11. Sac-like outpocketings of the large intestine wall
_____________________ 12. Projections of the plasma membrane of a cell that increase
the cell’s surface area
_____________________ 13. Prevents food from moving back into the small intestine
once it has entered the large intestine
_____________________ 14. An organ responsible for most food and water absorption
_____________________ 15. An organ primarily involved in water absorption and
formation of feces
_____________________ 16. An area between the teeth and lips/cheeks
_____________________ 17. A blind sac hanging from the cecum
_____________________ 18. An organ in which chemical digestion of protein begins
_____________________ 19. A serous membrane attaching the lesser curvature of the
stomach to the liver
I. Anatomy of the Digestive System
A. Complete the following statements by inserting your answers in the blanks:
The digestive system is responsible for many body processes. One of its
functions is (1) _______________ which begins when food is taken into the mouth.
The process (2) _______________ occurs as food is broken down both chemically
and mechanically. For the broken down foods to be made available to the body cells,
they must be absorbed through the digestive system walls into the (3)
_______________. Un-digestible food remains are removed, or (4)
_______________, from the body in the form of (5) __________________. The
organs forming a continuous tube from the mouth to the anus are collectively called
the (6) _______________. Organs located outside the digestive tract proper, which
secrete products into the digestive tract, are referred to as (7) _______________
digestive system organs.
B. Various types of glands secrete substances into the alimentary canal. Match the
glands listed in Column B to the functions/locations described in Column A. Place
the correct term in the answer blanks.
Column A Column B
______________________ 1. Produce an enzyme-poor “juice” Gastric glands
containing mucus found in the
submucosa of the small Intestinal glands
intestine
______________________ 2. Secretion includes amylase, Liver
which begins with starch digestion
in the mouth. Pancreas
______________________ 3. Ducts a variety of enzymes in an
alkaline fluid into the duodenum Salivary glands
______________________ 4. Produces bile, which is transported
to the duodenum via the bile duct
______________________ 5. Produce hydrochloric acid and
pepsinogen
, C. Using the key choices, fill in the blanks with the appropriate term being identified in
the following descriptions:
Key choices:
Anus Mesentery Small intestine
Appendix Microvilli Soft palate
Large intestine Oral cavity Stomach
Esophagus Parietal peritoneum Tongue
Greater omentum Peyer’s patches Oral vestibule
Hard palate Oropharynx Villi
Haustra Plicae circulars Visceral peritoneum
Ileocecal valve Pyloric sphincter
Lesser omentum Rugae
_____________________ 1. A structure that suspends the small intestine from the
posterior body wall
_____________________ 2. Finger-like extensions of the intestinal mucosa that
increase the surface area
_____________________ 3. Collections of lymphatic tissue found in the submucosa
of the small intestine
_____________________ 4. Folds of the wall of small intestine
_____________________ 5. Two anatomical regions involved in the mechanical
breakdown of food
_____________________ 6. An organ that mixes food in the mouth and initiates
swallowing
_____________________ 7. Common passage for food and air
_____________________ 8. Three extensions or modifications of the peritoneum
_____________________ 9. Literally a food chute; it has no digestive or absorptive role
_____________________ 10. Folds of the stomach mucosa
_____________________ 11. Sac-like outpocketings of the large intestine wall
_____________________ 12. Projections of the plasma membrane of a cell that increase
the cell’s surface area
_____________________ 13. Prevents food from moving back into the small intestine
once it has entered the large intestine
_____________________ 14. An organ responsible for most food and water absorption
_____________________ 15. An organ primarily involved in water absorption and
formation of feces
_____________________ 16. An area between the teeth and lips/cheeks
_____________________ 17. A blind sac hanging from the cecum
_____________________ 18. An organ in which chemical digestion of protein begins
_____________________ 19. A serous membrane attaching the lesser curvature of the
stomach to the liver
