3.2.6 Reactions of Ions in Aqueous Solution
Aluminium 3⁺
Acid Alkali
Al(H₂O)₃(OH)₃
Na₂CO₃ Amphoteric
Excess
NaOH NaOH
White precipitate
[Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺ Al(H₂O)₃(OH)₃ [Al(H₂O)₂(OH)₄]⁻
Acid, H⁺ Acid, H⁺
NH₃ Colourless precipitate White precipitate Colourless Solution
Al(H₂O)₃(OH)₃
⇌
White precipitate
[Al(H₂O)₅(OH)]²⁺ + H₃O⁺
Aluminium 3⁺
Acid Alkali
Al(H₂O)₃(OH)₃
Na₂CO₃ Amphoteric
Excess
NaOH NaOH
White precipitate
[Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺ Al(H₂O)₃(OH)₃ [Al(H₂O)₂(OH)₄]⁻
Acid, H⁺ Acid, H⁺
NH₃ Colourless precipitate White precipitate Colourless Solution
Al(H₂O)₃(OH)₃
⇌
White precipitate
[Al(H₂O)₅(OH)]²⁺ + H₃O⁺