NURS 6531N Final Exam With Answers Latest 2021

A patient presents with dehydration, hypotension, and fever. Laboratory testing reveals hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia. These imbalances are corrected, but the patient returns 6 weeks later with the same symptoms of hyperpigmentation, weakness, anorexia, fatigue, and weight loss. What action(s) should the nurse practitioner take? 2. Which of the following is a potential acquired cause of thrombophilia? 3. Differential diagnosis of proteinuria includes which of the following? 4. The nurse practitioner diagnoses epididymitis in a 24 year old sexually active male patient. The drug of choice for treatment of this patient is: Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM in a single dose plus. Doxycycline 100 mg orally twice a day for 10 days 5. How do you respond when Jessica, age 42, asks you what constitutes a good minimum cardiovascular workout? 6. The intervention known to be most effective in the treatment of severe depression, with or without psychosis, is: 7. Which of the following accounts for half of the bladder tumors among men and one-third in women? 8. A 21-year-old female presents to the office complaining of urinary frequency and urinary burning. The nurse practitioner suspects a urinary tract infection when the urinalysis reveals 9. The initial clinical sign of Dupuytren’s contracture is: 10. A nurse practitioner diagnoses a 60 year old male with balanitis. Which disease is commonly associated with balanitis? 11. Josh, age 22, is a stock boy and has an acute episode of low back pain. You order and NSAID and tell him which of the following? 12. A 72 year old female patient reports a 6 month history of gradually progressive swollen and painful distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of one hand. She has no systemic symptoms but the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), antinuclear antibody (ANA), and rheumatoid factor (RF) are all minimally elevated. What is the most likely diagnosis? 13. Jennifer says that she has heard that caffeine can cause osteoporosis and asks you why. How do you respond? 14. Which of the following set of symptoms should raise suspicion of a brain tumor? 15. Diagnostic confirmation of acute leukemia is based on: 16. Which of the following antibiotics should not be prescribed for a pregnant woman in the 3rd trimester? 17. Who is at a higher risk for developing nephrolithiasis? 18. A 28-year-old female presents to the office requesting testing for diagnosis of hereditary thrombophilia. Her father recently had a deep vein thrombosis and she is concerned about her risk factors. The nurse practitioner explains that: 19. Martin, a 58 year old male with diabetes, is at your office for his diabetes follow up. On examining his feet with monofilament, you discover that he has developed decreased sensation in both feet. There are no open areas or signs of infection on his feet. What health teaching should Martin receive today regarding the care if his feet? 20. Potential causes of septic arthritis include which of the following? 21. Which of the following is the best response to a woman who has just admitted she is a victim of spousal abuse? 22. A patient has been diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Which of the following medications may be used to treat generalized anxiety disorder? 23. Sam, age 67, is a diabetic with worsening renal function. He has frequent hypoglycemic episodes, which he believes means that his diabetes is getting “better.” How do you respond? 24. A 35 year old male presents with a complaint of low pelvic pain, dysuria, hesitancy, urgency, and reduced force of stream. The nurse practitioner suspects acute bacterial prostatitis. Which of the following specimens would be least helpful for diagnosis? 25. A patient has just been diagnosed with Bell’s palsy. He is understandably upset and has questions about the prognosis. You response should be: 26. What is the first step in the treatment of uric acid kidney stones? 27. Urine cultures should be obtained for which of the following patients? 28. A patient has been diagnosed with hypothyroidism and thyroid hormone replacement therapy is prescribed. How long should the nurse practitioner wait before checking the patient’s TSH? 29. Which of the following patients most warrants screening for hypothyroidism? 30. The hallmark of neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen’s disease) present in almost 100% of patients is: 31. A patient presenting for an annual physical exam has a BMI of 25 kg/m2 This patient would be classified as: 32. Diagnostic evaluation of hypothyroidism reveals: 33. Diagnostic radiological studies are indicated for low back pain: 34. The correct treatment for ankle sprain during the first 48 hours after injury includes: 35. The most reliable indicator(s) of neurological deficit when assessing a patient with acute low back pain is(are): 36. Risk factors for Addison’s disease include which of the following? 37. Major depression occurs most often in which of the following conditions? 38. Which of the following medications increase the risk for metabolic syndrome? 39. A 27 year old female patient with epilepsy is well controlled with phenytoin (Dilantin). She requests information about contraception. The nurse practitioner should instruct her that while taking phenytoin: the effective of an oral contraceptive may be reduced 40. Risk factors for prostate cancer include all of the following except: 41. Maria, age 17, was raped when she was 13 year old. She is now experiencing sleeping problems, flashbacks, and depression. What is your initial diagnosis?Post-traumatic stress disorder 42. Diabetes screening recommendations for asymptomatic adults age 45 and over include which of the following: 43. A child with type 1 diabetes mellitus has experienced excessive hunger, weight gain and increasing hyperglycemia. The Somogyi effect is suspected. What steps should be taken to diagnose and treat this condition? 44. Potential side effects of levofloxacin include which of the following? 45. Which of the following is the most common complication of the myelodysplastic syndromes? 46. Which of the following is characteristic of a manic episode? 47. Which of the following characteristics are associated with prepatellar bursitis? 48. A middle-aged female presents complaining of recent weight loss. The physical exam reveals an enlarged painless cervical lymph node. The differential diagnosis for this patient’s problem includes: 49. What is the most common cause of Cushing’s syndrome? the long-term, high-dose use of the cortisol-like glucocorticoids 50. A diabetic patient is taking low-dose enalapril for hypertension. A record of the patient’s blood pressure over 4 weeks ranges from 130 to 142 mmHg systolic and 75 to 85 mmHg diastolic. How should the nurse practitioner respond? Answer: Current guidelines recommend lowering BP to 135/80 mmHg 51. Your patient has an elevated mean cell volume (MCV). What should you be considering in terms of diagnosis? 52. What information should patients with diabetes and their families receive about hypoglycemia? 53. At what age is screening most likely to detect scoliosis? 54. A patient has been taking fluoxetine (Prozac) since being diagnosed with major depression, first episode, 2 months ago. She reports considerable improvement in her symptoms and her intention to discontinue the medication. What should be the nurse practitioner’s recommendation? Answer: Recommend that the patient continue the antidepressant medication for at least 4 more months 55. A typical description of a tension headache is:mild to moderate intensity, bilateral, nonthrobbing 56. Which of the following is not a characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus? 57. The most accurate measure of diabetes control is: 58. Microalbuminuria is a measure of: 59. A patient has HIV infection and is having a problem with massive diarrhea. You suspect the cause is: 60. The nurse practitioner is following a child with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) who has been previously diagnosed and is being managed for the disease by a pediatric rheumatologist. The mother asks for information about the child’s long term prognosis. What is the most appropriate reply?prevent disease progression and destruction of joints, bones, cartilage and soft tissues such as muscles, tendons and joint capsules 61. Which factors are associated with high risk for foot complications in a patient with diabetes mellitus? 62. Which of the following is the most common causative organism of nongonococcal urethritis? 63. A 65 year old patient complains of recurrent bilateral temporal headaches, malaise, muscle aches, and low grade fever. The headache is described as superficial tenderness rather than deep pain. Giant cell arteritis is suspected. Appropriate treatment is: 64. The most reliable diagnostic indicator of gout is: 65. A patient with HIV infection has a fever of unknown origin (FUO).Which of the following is a possible cause of FUO in a patient with HIV? 65. After treating a patient for Helicobacter pylori infection, what test do you order to see if it has been cured?A urea breath test 57. Which of the following physical modalities recommended for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis provides the most effective long term pain relief? 58. Other than smoking cessation, which of the following slows the progression of COPD in smokers? 59. What intervention does the American College of Rheumatology recommend as first line therapy for osteoarthritis? 60. The best test to determine microalbuminuria to assist in the diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy 61. A 26 year old female presents with elbow pain that is described as aching and burning. There is point tenderness along the lateral aspect of the elbow and painful passive flexion and extension.