NURSING BS 231 The Cardiovascular System: Physiology Review And Functions Of Blood( Complete Solution)

The Cardiovascular System: Physiology Review and Functions of Blood Blood: type of connective tissue that circulates throughout the body, ● transporting necessary nutrients & waste products to & f rom the body tissues. ● composed of a liquid component called plasma ○ 90% H2O ○ 6-8% including albumin, fibrinogen, & globulins ○ 2% other proteins ● holds the formed elements of ○ erythrocytes (red blood cells) ■ O2 to body tissues by way of a protein: hemoglobin, ■ carbon dioxide away from the tissues to be expelled from the body ■ Live ~120 days ○ leukocytes (WBC) ■ function in immunity & inflammatory response ○ thrombocytes (platelets) ■ assist in blood clotting mechanisms, ■ releasing chemical messengers & adhesion proteins associated w/ coagulation at injury to form clot ● blood volume in the avge adult is 5 - 6L ● Hemostasis: toppage of blood flow ○ Vascular constriction: damaged cells will constrict = ↓ blood flow ○ Formation of the platelet plug: platelets arrive at vessel wall - activated by cytokines & contact w/ collagen ■ become sticky, attracting ↑ platelets which come together to form a plug. ■ adhesion requires; protein molecule; von Willebrand factor to carry coagulation factor VIII. ○ Blood coagulation:fibrinogen is converted to fibrin. ■ fibrin strands form a clot by adhering platelets & other components together. ■ pro-coagulation factors promote clotting & anti-coagulation factors; inhibit clotting = regulating process Show Less