Lecture 4 Metabolism- Glycolysis notes

Lecture 9¥
Glycolysis
-




Active Recall Questions :




1 Where ?
.
is
glycolysis located
cells
cytosol of
eukaryotic
-




2 What is
.

glycolysis ?
Glucose converted to
pyruvate
3 What 2 of
. are the main sections
glycolysis ?
STAGE I into cell
getting
-




↳ trap t destabilise glucose =
produces 2 ✗ 3C
↳ requires 2 ATP 's molecules
per glucose

STAGE 2 breakdown to
get energy
-




↳ oxidation of 3C molecules to
pyruvate
↳
generates
4 ATPÉ & 2 NADA per glucose molecule



4 . What are the 3 main transporters for
glucose uptake &
their functions ?
GLUT 2 -
liver , B- cells , pancreas ( uptake ✗ extracellular glucose conc.
)

GLUT 3 -
Brain , nerve tissue ( constant uptake)

GLUT 4 muscles ( uptake INSULIN]
adipocytes controlled
by
-


,

↳ no . of GLUT 4 can be ipicreased via exercise

, Glycolysis -10 steps


④ Trap glucose in cell via
phosphorylation
Hexo kinase

Glucose + ATP → Glucose 6- phosphate + ADP + Itt
(G- Gop)


G- GP
negative charge Ican't freely diffuse)
has
-




-

Phosphate group starts glucose de stabilisation
-


Catalyst : muscle = hexokinase
liver =
glucokinase

② Fructose 6- phosphate formation
-



Enzyme used :
phospho glucose isomerase
-
reversible reaction

-
Isomerization reaction ( glucose to fructose]

OH H H




CHYY-H.PH
O H

pH
"
c - d d d d
- - - -

CHZOPO ;
-




2- c - d -
c -
c -

CHZOPO > 2-
' ' ' "
¥
/ ' "
H OH H OH OH OH ¥

Glucose 6- phosphate Fructose 6- phosphate




③ /kE4REaUATor=T


.an,.µ.µ, , µ
Phosphorylation of Fructose 6- phosphate STEP
-




Enzyme used :
Phospho fructokindse Allosteric regulation
via tetramer

INHIBITED BY :

☐
ATP a
citrate o Ht
Fructose 6- phosphate + ATP → Fructose 1,6 -

+ ADP + Ht
STIMULATED BY :
g.m.mn,