MDC 1 Exam 1 Prep/review

MDC 1 Exam 1 Prep/review Culture and Religion ► Be aware that, when someone is in the healthcare system and has to make a decision that is contrary to their beliefs and practices, making that decision can cause them moral distress ► When a client or family is making the decision for a DNR (Do Not Resuscitate) order ~ Catholics may want to have ‘last rights’ administered. If so, we need to reach out to their priest or clergy and honor their wishes ► When a new immigrant has to go into the healthcare system unexpectedly, they may have difficulty communicating and experience culture shock ► If a client has little or not English-speaking skills, it is not a good idea to use a family member as a translator. We are required by law to provide a certified medical interpreter ► Comfortable distancing differs by culture. In the U.S., the distances are: ► Intimate distance, 0 to 2 feet ► Personal distance, 18 inches to 4 feet ► Social distance, 4 to 12 feet ► Public distance, 12 feet or more Patient Rights Client Safety ► When moving/lifting a client with mobility issues, it is best to use a mechanical lift (Hoyer Lift, Ceiling Lift, etc.) to save your back and prevent skin breakdown or injuries to the client. ► While ambulating a client who is unsteady, use a gait belt so if they start to fall you can slowly lower them to the floor to prevent injury ► When transferring a client from bed to wheel chair or vice versa, make sure all wheels are locked on the bed and wheelchair ► New parents need to be aware of safety issues for their infant ► Don’t sleep with baby ► Car seat faces backward ► Baby should sleep in their back ► Do not use microwave to heat formula Client Safety (Cont.) ► When orientating a new client to their room, make sure they can use the call light before you exit ► Clients who are confused and/or agitated, are best placed near the nurses’ station for their safety ► If we have a disorientated client, it is usually not helpful to try and re- orientate them. It is best to just provide comfort care ► If someone is eating (adult or child) and they begin to cough but are still breathing, it is best to just encourage them to cough Client Education ► Clients with neurological abnormalities (epilepsy, narcolepsy) should be told to avoid driving ► When educating a client on non-pharmacological methods of treating a sprain, remember the RICE acronym ► Rest ► Ice ► Compression ► Elevation Therapeutic Communication ► Why/when do we use open-ended questions? What is the advantage? ► Why/when do we use closed-ended questions? ► When someone has a personal crisis or is disappointed with their live, sometimes it is best to be silent and listen ► Know the difference between sympathy and empathy ► Know the definition of the four phases of communication ► Pre-interaction ► Orientation ► Working ► Termination Environmental Safety ► Remember the acronyms RACE and PASS When you see a fire ~ RACE To use a fire extinguisher ~ PASS Rescue ~ remove patient from danger Pull the pin Alarm ~ pull the alarm Aim at the base of the fire Contain ~ close doors Squeeze the handles Extinguish the fire Sweep back and forth .............................................continued.........................................................