「2015 年度優秀修士論文」
Human Resources Development Policy for the socio–economic development
in Thanh Hoa Province:
An analysis of Thanh Hoa Overseas Scholarship Program
TRAN Thuy Linh
[ Summary ]
This research seeks to examine the human resources development (HRD) policy in Thanh Hoa Province, Viet
Nam, through analyzing the Overseas Scholarship Programs that this province has implemented since 2006. Firstly, it will
provide a review of the socio-economic situation and human resources conditions of Thanh Hoa Province in order to clarify
the need for qualified workers for provincial development. Secondly, it will analyze the Thanh Hoa Overseas Scholarship
Programs by looking at how well these foreign study programs have performed, what issues and challenges these programs
went through, and how the local government dealt with them. In spite of the good policy intention of the local authorities,
major issues such as a weak selection process, a doubt in quality of overseas HEIs, a lack of clear of orientation towards
countries of destination, a mismatch between labor demand and supply, and limitations in work assignment system generate
uncertainty about the effectiveness of the project. Thirdly, by drawing lessons both from Da Nang City’s effort and the
history of similar scholarship programs in Japan, several policy recommendations are made for the improvement of future
programs in terms of planning, outcome assessment, and knowledge, skills and abilities optimization of graduate returnees to
the local labor force. In conclusion, since this overseas study program uses a substantial portion of the local budget, it must
be carefully planned and effectively implemented by the responsible sections of local government in order to realize
maximum benefits.
Keywords: Thanh Hoa Overseas Scholarship Program, Human Resources Development, Employment, Socio - economic
Development and Thanh Hoa Province.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
1.2 Significance
1.3 Research question
1.4 Methodology
1.5 Research outline
CHAPTER 2. HUMAN RESOURCES SITUATION IN THANH HOA PROVINCE
2.1 Geographical location
2.2 Socio-economic situation
2.2.1. Economic growth
2.2.2 Business sector
2.2.3 Science and Technology
2.3 Human resources situation
2.3.1 Labor force
2.3.2 Higher education system
CHAPTER 3. THANH HOA OVERSEAS SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM
3.1 Project of Training of leader and manager resources of Thanh Hoa Province
3.1.1 Background
,修士論文集(立命館国際研究) September 2015
3.1.2 Achievements
3.2 Thanh Hoa Overseas Scholarship Program (TOSP)
3.2.1 Legal aspect
3.2.2 Background
3.2.3 Achievements
3.2.4 Problem Analysis
CHAPTER 4. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND LESSONS LEARNT
4.1 Comparative analysis between Thanh Hoa Scholarship Program and Da Nang Scholarship Program
4.2 Lessons learnt from experiences of Japan in the Meiji Era
CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
List of Figures
Figure 1: Research outline
Figure 2: Map of Thanh Hoa Province
Figure 3: Real GDP growth rate of Thanh Hoa Province and Viet Nam in 2010 -2014
Figure 4: Real GDP per capita of Thanh Hoa Province and Viet Nam in 2010 - 2014
Figure 5: Industrial structure of Thanh Hoa Province in 2010 and 2014
Figure 6: Export – Import value of Thanh Hoa Province (2010 – 2014)
Figure 7: PCI comparison between Thanh Hoa and other provinces (2007 – 2014)
Figure 8: Labor training indicator in the period 2007 - 2014
Figure 9: Number of export labor of Thanh Hoa Province in 2010 – 2014
Figure 10: Unemployment by training level in 2012 in Thanh Hoa Province
Figure 11: Training process
Figure 12: Implementing process in the period 2013 - 2015
Figure 13: TOSP Steering Board
Figure 14: Employment situation of returned students as of February 2015
Figure 15: Sent students by fields of study
Figure 16: Sent students by year
Figure 17: Job assignment process
Figure 18: Overseas study by Japanese over periods
Figure 19: A decision tree can help set policy priorities
List of Tables
Table 1: Enterprises by capital scale in Thanh Hoa Province
Table 2: Number of enterprises by industrial structure in Thanh Hoa Province
Table 3: Number of enterprises by economic factors
Table 4: Labor force of Thanh Hoa Province in 2010 - 2013
Table 5: Labor force in enterprises
Table 6: Level of training of entrepreneurs - managers %
Table 7: Enrollment in secondary vocational education, colleges, universities, postgraduate (MA) in 2010-2012
Table 8: Personnel by position
Table 9: Personnel by qualification
Table 10: Target number and number of sent students by training fields and degree by Decision 2729 in 2013
Table 11: Number of sent students by country and year
Table 12: Target training number per degree
Table 13: Summary of the comparative analysis between the HRD policy of Thanh Hoa and Da Nang
Abbreviations
HR Human Resources
HRD Human Resources Development
TOSP Thanh Hoa Overseas Scholarship Program
DNSP Da Nang Scholarship Program
HDU Hong Duc University
IEC International Education Center
HE Higher Education
HEIs Higher Education Institutions
DOHA Department of Home Affairs
DOFA Department of Foreign Affairs
DOPI Department of Planning & Investment
DOET Department of Education & Training
DOF Department of Finance
DOST Department of Science &Technology
DOLWISA Department of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs
STO Science & Technology Organization
,Human Resources Development Policy for the socio–economic development in Thanh Hoa Province: An analysis
of Thanh Hoa Overseas Scholarship Program (TRAN)
PPC Provincial People’s Committee
CPPC Chairman of Provincial People’s Committee
VCPPC Vice Chairman of Provincial People’s Committee
OPPC Office of Provincial People’s Committee
BA Bachelor Degree
MA Master Degree
PhD PhD Degree
PA Public Administration
PEs Private Enterprises
UEE University Entrance Examination
EZ Economic Zone
IZ Industrial Zone
KSA Knowledge, skills and abilities
, 修士論文集(立命館国際研究) September 2015
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
“If you want one year of prosperity, grow grain.
If you want ten years of prosperity, grow trees.
If you want hundred years of prosperity, grow people.”
Chinese proverb
1.1 Background
Manpower is arguably one of the most decisive factors in the socio-economic development of any country, and the
level of human resources development (HRD) is its key gauge. Many nations of the world, therefore, have placed
considerable emphasis on human resources development. In the twentieth century, countries with relatively few natural
resources such as Israel, Singapore, and South Korea, for example, by investing in human capital, have nonetheless achieved
miracles in their socio-economic development, not only in their industrialization and modernization, but even becoming high-
tech superpowers within a matter of decades.
In order to promote industrialization, modernization, and international integration, the Vietnamese government
considers HRD as one of its three main strategic arms empowering the transformative process within its socio-economic
development model. Within that process, HRD has become the basis of sustainable development and increased national
competitive advantages.
In comparison with workers of other Asian-Pacific countries, Vietnamese workers not only have a lower labor
productivity1, but have also been described as having a comparatively weaker ability of teamwork and professionalism. In
the international work environment, the limited capacity to use foreign languages as a tool of communication and lack of
intercultural understanding remain critical shortcomings of Vietnamese workers’ skill sets (Dang Xuan Hoan, 2015). The
root cause of these limitations has been identified as stemming from inadequacies within Viet Nam’s education and
vocational training systems, exemplified, for instance by the incompatibility and incommensurability of its various programs
and curriculums with the common and accepted standards of other advanced countries. Moreover, with respect to language
training, in particular, many domestic universities have neither sufficient capability to provide qualified teaching and
programs in foreign languages, nor the scope of training of knowledge and skills needed for international integration in
accordance with international requirements.
In order to address these issues, foreign study, in terms of the promotion of the education, scholar, and scientific
research exchange between Vietnamese and international higher education institutions (HEIs), is an important response.
1
According to the statistics of ILO, in 2013, the labor productivity of Vietnamese is classified into the lowest group in the Asia-Pacific
region, lower than Singapore, Japan, and South Korea 15, 11 and 10 times respectively.
Human Resources Development Policy for the socio–economic development
in Thanh Hoa Province:
An analysis of Thanh Hoa Overseas Scholarship Program
TRAN Thuy Linh
[ Summary ]
This research seeks to examine the human resources development (HRD) policy in Thanh Hoa Province, Viet
Nam, through analyzing the Overseas Scholarship Programs that this province has implemented since 2006. Firstly, it will
provide a review of the socio-economic situation and human resources conditions of Thanh Hoa Province in order to clarify
the need for qualified workers for provincial development. Secondly, it will analyze the Thanh Hoa Overseas Scholarship
Programs by looking at how well these foreign study programs have performed, what issues and challenges these programs
went through, and how the local government dealt with them. In spite of the good policy intention of the local authorities,
major issues such as a weak selection process, a doubt in quality of overseas HEIs, a lack of clear of orientation towards
countries of destination, a mismatch between labor demand and supply, and limitations in work assignment system generate
uncertainty about the effectiveness of the project. Thirdly, by drawing lessons both from Da Nang City’s effort and the
history of similar scholarship programs in Japan, several policy recommendations are made for the improvement of future
programs in terms of planning, outcome assessment, and knowledge, skills and abilities optimization of graduate returnees to
the local labor force. In conclusion, since this overseas study program uses a substantial portion of the local budget, it must
be carefully planned and effectively implemented by the responsible sections of local government in order to realize
maximum benefits.
Keywords: Thanh Hoa Overseas Scholarship Program, Human Resources Development, Employment, Socio - economic
Development and Thanh Hoa Province.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
1.2 Significance
1.3 Research question
1.4 Methodology
1.5 Research outline
CHAPTER 2. HUMAN RESOURCES SITUATION IN THANH HOA PROVINCE
2.1 Geographical location
2.2 Socio-economic situation
2.2.1. Economic growth
2.2.2 Business sector
2.2.3 Science and Technology
2.3 Human resources situation
2.3.1 Labor force
2.3.2 Higher education system
CHAPTER 3. THANH HOA OVERSEAS SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM
3.1 Project of Training of leader and manager resources of Thanh Hoa Province
3.1.1 Background
,修士論文集(立命館国際研究) September 2015
3.1.2 Achievements
3.2 Thanh Hoa Overseas Scholarship Program (TOSP)
3.2.1 Legal aspect
3.2.2 Background
3.2.3 Achievements
3.2.4 Problem Analysis
CHAPTER 4. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND LESSONS LEARNT
4.1 Comparative analysis between Thanh Hoa Scholarship Program and Da Nang Scholarship Program
4.2 Lessons learnt from experiences of Japan in the Meiji Era
CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
List of Figures
Figure 1: Research outline
Figure 2: Map of Thanh Hoa Province
Figure 3: Real GDP growth rate of Thanh Hoa Province and Viet Nam in 2010 -2014
Figure 4: Real GDP per capita of Thanh Hoa Province and Viet Nam in 2010 - 2014
Figure 5: Industrial structure of Thanh Hoa Province in 2010 and 2014
Figure 6: Export – Import value of Thanh Hoa Province (2010 – 2014)
Figure 7: PCI comparison between Thanh Hoa and other provinces (2007 – 2014)
Figure 8: Labor training indicator in the period 2007 - 2014
Figure 9: Number of export labor of Thanh Hoa Province in 2010 – 2014
Figure 10: Unemployment by training level in 2012 in Thanh Hoa Province
Figure 11: Training process
Figure 12: Implementing process in the period 2013 - 2015
Figure 13: TOSP Steering Board
Figure 14: Employment situation of returned students as of February 2015
Figure 15: Sent students by fields of study
Figure 16: Sent students by year
Figure 17: Job assignment process
Figure 18: Overseas study by Japanese over periods
Figure 19: A decision tree can help set policy priorities
List of Tables
Table 1: Enterprises by capital scale in Thanh Hoa Province
Table 2: Number of enterprises by industrial structure in Thanh Hoa Province
Table 3: Number of enterprises by economic factors
Table 4: Labor force of Thanh Hoa Province in 2010 - 2013
Table 5: Labor force in enterprises
Table 6: Level of training of entrepreneurs - managers %
Table 7: Enrollment in secondary vocational education, colleges, universities, postgraduate (MA) in 2010-2012
Table 8: Personnel by position
Table 9: Personnel by qualification
Table 10: Target number and number of sent students by training fields and degree by Decision 2729 in 2013
Table 11: Number of sent students by country and year
Table 12: Target training number per degree
Table 13: Summary of the comparative analysis between the HRD policy of Thanh Hoa and Da Nang
Abbreviations
HR Human Resources
HRD Human Resources Development
TOSP Thanh Hoa Overseas Scholarship Program
DNSP Da Nang Scholarship Program
HDU Hong Duc University
IEC International Education Center
HE Higher Education
HEIs Higher Education Institutions
DOHA Department of Home Affairs
DOFA Department of Foreign Affairs
DOPI Department of Planning & Investment
DOET Department of Education & Training
DOF Department of Finance
DOST Department of Science &Technology
DOLWISA Department of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs
STO Science & Technology Organization
,Human Resources Development Policy for the socio–economic development in Thanh Hoa Province: An analysis
of Thanh Hoa Overseas Scholarship Program (TRAN)
PPC Provincial People’s Committee
CPPC Chairman of Provincial People’s Committee
VCPPC Vice Chairman of Provincial People’s Committee
OPPC Office of Provincial People’s Committee
BA Bachelor Degree
MA Master Degree
PhD PhD Degree
PA Public Administration
PEs Private Enterprises
UEE University Entrance Examination
EZ Economic Zone
IZ Industrial Zone
KSA Knowledge, skills and abilities
, 修士論文集(立命館国際研究) September 2015
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
“If you want one year of prosperity, grow grain.
If you want ten years of prosperity, grow trees.
If you want hundred years of prosperity, grow people.”
Chinese proverb
1.1 Background
Manpower is arguably one of the most decisive factors in the socio-economic development of any country, and the
level of human resources development (HRD) is its key gauge. Many nations of the world, therefore, have placed
considerable emphasis on human resources development. In the twentieth century, countries with relatively few natural
resources such as Israel, Singapore, and South Korea, for example, by investing in human capital, have nonetheless achieved
miracles in their socio-economic development, not only in their industrialization and modernization, but even becoming high-
tech superpowers within a matter of decades.
In order to promote industrialization, modernization, and international integration, the Vietnamese government
considers HRD as one of its three main strategic arms empowering the transformative process within its socio-economic
development model. Within that process, HRD has become the basis of sustainable development and increased national
competitive advantages.
In comparison with workers of other Asian-Pacific countries, Vietnamese workers not only have a lower labor
productivity1, but have also been described as having a comparatively weaker ability of teamwork and professionalism. In
the international work environment, the limited capacity to use foreign languages as a tool of communication and lack of
intercultural understanding remain critical shortcomings of Vietnamese workers’ skill sets (Dang Xuan Hoan, 2015). The
root cause of these limitations has been identified as stemming from inadequacies within Viet Nam’s education and
vocational training systems, exemplified, for instance by the incompatibility and incommensurability of its various programs
and curriculums with the common and accepted standards of other advanced countries. Moreover, with respect to language
training, in particular, many domestic universities have neither sufficient capability to provide qualified teaching and
programs in foreign languages, nor the scope of training of knowledge and skills needed for international integration in
accordance with international requirements.
In order to address these issues, foreign study, in terms of the promotion of the education, scholar, and scientific
research exchange between Vietnamese and international higher education institutions (HEIs), is an important response.
1
According to the statistics of ILO, in 2013, the labor productivity of Vietnamese is classified into the lowest group in the Asia-Pacific
region, lower than Singapore, Japan, and South Korea 15, 11 and 10 times respectively.
