NURS 6501N WEEK 1 QUIZ – QUESTION AND ANSWERS

NURS 6501N Week 1 Quiz – Question and Answers An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide? Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells? A 15-year-old female is diagnosed with Prader-Willi syndrome. This condition is an example of: A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls that oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by: During childhood, the thymus decreases in size, and this is referred to as _____ atrophy. What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction? When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene. A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive cell injury that causes cell death with severe cell swelling and breakdown of organelles. What term would the nurse use to define this process? A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of the genetic information be contained? A nurse is discussing the movement of fluid across the arterial end of capillary membranes into the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary. Which process of fluid movement is the nurse describing? How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? The early dilation (swelling) of the cell’s endoplasmic reticulum results in: The ion transporter that moves Na+ and Ca2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an example of which of the following types of transport? A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair appearance. Which finding will support this diagnosis? A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse’s best response? The student is reviewing functions of the cell. The student would be correct in identifying the primary function of the nerve cell as: A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has 92 chromosomes. What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition? Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of: Which of the following mutations have the most significant effect on protein synthesis? A 55-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is examined for respiratory disturbance. Examination of his airway (bronchial) reveals that stratified squamous epithelial cells have replaced the normal columnar ciliated cells. This type of cellular adaptation is called: A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes how glucose is transported from the blood to the cell. What type of transport system should the nurse discuss with the patient? What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair. A cell is isolated, and electrophysiology studies reveal that the resting membrane potential is –70 millivolts. The predominant intracellular ion is Na+, and the predominant extracellular ion is K+. With voltage change, which of the following would result in an action potential? A group of prison inmates developed tuberculosis following exposure to an infected inmate. On examination, tissues were soft and granular (like clumped cheese). Which of the following is the most likely cause? A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will facilitate his continued muscle performance?