ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
S.A. Bayutas
, English for Academic and Professional Purposes – S.A. Bayutas
Writing originated from the Old-English word “writan” which means ‘to carve’ or ‘to scratch’. It
is a form of human communication that transcribes language into symbols to be able to express
thoughts, ideas and opinions.
The Four (4) Factors of Writing:
1) Topic. The topic refers to the subject.
2) Role. This refers to the role that the writer fulfills in writing. Who Am I as a Writer?
3) Audience. The audience refers to the people who will read your paper. They can be
categorized in terms of age; level of thinking; religion; and culture.
4) Purpose. The reason behind the publication. Why Am I Writing This?
Features of Professional and Academic Writing:
1. Formality.
The means of condition or the state of being formal following the rules and conventions.
FORMAL INFORMAL
Expanded Modals Contracted Modals
One word verb Two word verb
Expanded Terms Abbreviated Terms
Activity.
Re-write the following sentences to make them FORMAL.
a) This isn’t easy to do since this doesn’t include my expertise.
_____________________________________________________________________
b) Aspiring leaders of the country often talk about ridding off poverty.
_____________________________________________________________________
c) The PHL is known for the variety of tourist spots it has.
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Objectivity.
The content must be based on facts rather than the writer’s feelings.
RULEL: Avoid using personal pronouns and always support claims and arguments with
facts and sources.
2
S.A. Bayutas
, English for Academic and Professional Purposes – S.A. Bayutas
Writing originated from the Old-English word “writan” which means ‘to carve’ or ‘to scratch’. It
is a form of human communication that transcribes language into symbols to be able to express
thoughts, ideas and opinions.
The Four (4) Factors of Writing:
1) Topic. The topic refers to the subject.
2) Role. This refers to the role that the writer fulfills in writing. Who Am I as a Writer?
3) Audience. The audience refers to the people who will read your paper. They can be
categorized in terms of age; level of thinking; religion; and culture.
4) Purpose. The reason behind the publication. Why Am I Writing This?
Features of Professional and Academic Writing:
1. Formality.
The means of condition or the state of being formal following the rules and conventions.
FORMAL INFORMAL
Expanded Modals Contracted Modals
One word verb Two word verb
Expanded Terms Abbreviated Terms
Activity.
Re-write the following sentences to make them FORMAL.
a) This isn’t easy to do since this doesn’t include my expertise.
_____________________________________________________________________
b) Aspiring leaders of the country often talk about ridding off poverty.
_____________________________________________________________________
c) The PHL is known for the variety of tourist spots it has.
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Objectivity.
The content must be based on facts rather than the writer’s feelings.
RULEL: Avoid using personal pronouns and always support claims and arguments with
facts and sources.
2
