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Generalidades inmunología

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Apuntes de clase de inmunología, generalidades de inmunidad innata , adquirida, complejos de histocompatibilidad, interleuquinas entre otros.

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INMUNOLOGIA GENERALIDADES

INATA ADQUIRIDA

● Es aquella con la que se nace, ● Especifica, GENERA MEMORIA.
primera linea de defensa contra ● Principales células macrofagos
un patógeno, NO GENERA tipo 2, linfocitos T y B
MEMORIA. inespecífica. ● 2 Componentes: El
● Las principales células que se humoral,(inmunoglobulinas) el
observan son : macrofagos tipo celular.
1, natural killer, neutrofilo ● APC células presentadoras de
eusinofilos, basofilos, antígeno se observan las
complemento, dendríticas.
● Moléculas de reconocimiento ● 2 TIPOS INMUNIDAD
PRRS ADQUIRIDA:
● Son barreras físicas, químicas, ● ACTIVA: se desarrolla durante el
bloquean el paso del patógeno. curso de la enfermedad, el
● Sistema complementario, cuerpo genera el antígeno.
poderosas enzimas. ● Pasiva: viene de otro ser, que ya
tenia la inmunidad a el patógeno.


TIPOS DE CÉLULAS

NEUTRÓFILO:
Hace parte de la familia de polimorfonucleares.
No son APC
Posee gránulos de HIDROLASAS
Reacciona a primeras fases de la INFLAMACIÓN
La cel inmune más abundante en sangre
Receptores IG 11, C13B del complemento




BASÓFILOS:

Polimorfonucleares
Cantidad en sangre
Posee gránulos de HEPARINA y AMINAS
VASODILATADORAS
Ayudan al proceso inflamatorio.

,EOSINÓFILOS:
Mediador de anticuerpo IG E principal contra
alergias y parásitos.




MACRÓFAGO:
Puente entre inmunidad inata y adquirida
Sometido a proceso de esferocitosis
APC
Fagocita
Monocito macrofago




CÉLULAS DENDRÍTICAS:
APC
Célula adaptativa
Filtran ciertos fluidos




NATURAL KILLER CELL:
Destruye por Citotoxicidad
Pertenece a la línea Linfoide

, SISTEMA DEL COMPLEMENTO

Este sistema está compuesto por diferentes proteínas, creando poros para
destruir el patógeno.
Sist humoral:
Inmunoglobulinas interferones, complemento.

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