ATI PN MEDSURG PRACTICE TEST A.(Q$A)

1.A nurse is caring with a patient the patient has sickle cell anemia plus the nurse's assessment reveals the possibility for substance abuse. What is the nurse's most appropriate action? A) Ensure the patient to rely on complementary plus alternative therapies. B) Ensure the patient to seek care from a single provider with pain relief. C) Teach the patient to accept chronic pain as an inevitable aspect for the disease. D) Limit the reporting for emergency department visits to the primary health care provider. Ans: B Feedback: The patient should be Ensured to use a single primary health care provider to address health care concerns. Emergency department visits should be reported to the primary health care provider to achieve optimal management for the disease. It would inappropriate to teach the patient to simply accept his or her pain. Complementary therapies are usually insufficient to fully address pain in sickle cell disease. 2. A patient newly diagnosed with thrombocytopenia is admitted to the medical unit. After the admission assessment, the patient asks the nurse to explain the disease. What should the nurse explain to this patient? A) There could be an attack on the platelets by antibodies. B) There could be decreased production for platelets. C) There could be impaired communication between platelets. D) There could be an autoimmune process causing platelet malfunction. Ans: B Feedback: Thrombocytopenia can result from a decreased platelet production, increased platelet destruction, or increased consumption for platelets. Impaired platelet communication, antibodies, plus autoimmune processes are not typical pathologies. 3. A critical care nurse is caring with a patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The patient is not responding to conservative treatments, plus his condition is now becoming life threatening. The nurse is aware that a treatment option in this case may include what? A) Hepatectomy B) Vitamin K administration C) Platelet transfusion D) Splenectomy Ans: D Feedback: A splenectomy may be the course for treatment if autoimmune hemolytic anemia does not respond to conservative treatment. Vitamin K administration is treatment with vitamin K deficiency plus does not resolve anemia. Platelet transfusion may be the course for treatment with some bleeding disorders. Hepatectomy would not help the patient. 4. A nurse is providing education to a patient with iron deficiency anemia the patient has been prescribed iron supplements. What should the nurse include in health education? A) Take the iron with dairy products to enhance absorption. B) Increase the intake for vitamin E to enhance absorption. C) Iron will cause the stools to darken in color. D) Limit foods high in fiber due to the risk with diarrhea. Ans: C Feedback: The nurse will inwithm the patient that iron will cause the stools to become dark in color. Iron should be taken on an empty stomach, as its absorption is affected by food, especially dairy products. Patients should be instructed to increase their intake for vitamin C to enhance iron absorption. Foods high in fiber should be consumed to minimize problems with constipation, a common side effect associated with iron therapy. 5. The nurse is assessing a new patient with complaints for overwhelming fatigue plus a sore tongue that is visibly smooth plus beefy red. This patient is demonstrating signs plus symptoms associated with what withm for what hematologic disorder? A) Sickle cell anemia B) Hemophilia C) Megaloblastic anemia D) Thrombocytopenia Ans: C Feedback: A red, smooth, sore tongue is a symptom associated with megaloblastic anemia. Sickle cell disease, hemophilia, plus thrombocytopenia do not have symptoms involving the tongue. 6. A patient with renal failure has decreased erythropoietin production. Upon analysis for the patient's complete blood count, the nurse will expect which for the following results? A) An increased hemoglobin plus decreased hematocrit B) A decreased hemoglobin plus hematocrit C) A decreased mean corpuscular volume (MCV) plus red cell distribution width (RDW) D) An increased MCV plus RDW Ans: B Feedback: The decreased production for erythropoietin will result in a decreased hemoglobin plus hematocrit. The patient will have normal MCV plus RDW because the erythrocytes are normal in .......................................CONTINUED