NUR 3125 Pathophysiology Midterm questions /Answers

Question 1 1 out of 1 points A 62-year-old male collapsed while unloading a truck of heavy sacks of feed for his cattle. When he arrived in the emergency department, blood gases reveal a slightly acidic blood sample. The nurse caring for this patient is not surprise with this result based on which of the following pathophysiological rationales? Answer s: A. Large amounts of free energy are released when ATP is hydrolyzed and then converted into adenosine diphosphate. B. Within the mitochondria, energy from reduction of oxygen is used for phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. C. The skeletal muscles are producing large amounts of lactic acid and release it into the bloodstream during heavy work/exercise. D. During exercise, catabolism will break down stored nutrients and body tissues to produce energy.  Question 2 1 out of 1 points A new mother and father are upset that their 2-day-old infant is requiring phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia. The pediatrician who has followed the infant since birth is explaining the multiplicity of factors that can contribute to high serum bilirubin levels in neonates. Which of the following factors would the physician be most likely to rule out as a contributor? Answer s: A. Hepatic immaturity of the infant B. The fact that the infant is being breast-fed C. Transitioning of hemoglobin F (HbF) to hemoglobin A (HbA) D. Hypoxia  Question 3 1 out of 1 points A pediatrician is teaching a group of medical students about some of the particularities of heart failure in children as compared with older adults. Which of the physician's following statements best captures an aspect of these differences? Answer s: A. “You'll find that in pediatric patients, pulmonary edema is more often interstitial rather than alveolar, so you often won't hear crackles.” B. “Fever is a sign of heart failure in children that you are unlikely to see in older adults.” C. “Signs and symptoms in children may sometimes mimic those of shock, with a low blood pressure and high heart rate.” D. “Because of their higher relative blood volume, jugular venous distention is a better assessment technique for suspected heart failure in young patients.”  Question 4 1 out of 1 points The medical team is assessing a newly admitted patient who is hypothermic following a night spent lost on a ski slope. The health care professionals would recognize that which of the following phenomena most likely contributed to minimizing the client's heat loss in a cold environment? Answer s: A. The tissue thickness of the outer shell increased and preserved heat. B. Increased blood flow to the outer shell prevented superficial freezing and loss of heat. C. Shell temperature dropped, minimizing the temperature variance between the core temperature and environmental temperature. D. The high heat conductivity of subcutaneous tissue protected against core heat loss.  Question 5 1 out of 1 points The geriatrician providing care for a 74-year-old man with diagnosis of Parkinson disease has recently changed the client's medication regimen. What is the most likely focus of the pharmacologic treatment of the man's health problem? Answer s: A. Preventing axonal degradation of motor neurons B. Preventing demyelination of the efferent cerebellar pathways C. Maximizing acetylcholine release from synaptic vesicles at neuromuscular junctions D. Increasing the functional ability of the underactive dopaminergic system