NURS 631 Midterm exam with correct answers 2021

NURS 631 Midterm exam With correct answers 2021 1. What is an example of compensatory hyperplasia a. Liver (Regeneration) 2. What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential to initiate and action potential. a. Sodium gates open, sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive. 3. What type of necrosis is often associated with pulmonary tuberculosis. a. Caseous Necrosis 4. Low plasma albumin causes edema as a result of a reduction in which pressure. a. Plasma oncotic 5. When a child inherits a disease that is autosomal recessive, it is inherited from who. a. Both parents are carriers 6. Describe the chromosomal defect related to Prader Willi syndrome. a. Imprinting, Deletion, 4mb of chromosomes 15, inherited from Father short structure, hypotonia, small hands and feet, obese, mild to moderate mental retardation, hypogonadism. 7. What mechanism can cause hypernatremia a. Caused by loss of H20, DM Insufficient H20 intake, b. Hypertonic solution c. Over secretion of Aldosterone d. Cushing Syndrome because of adrenocorticotropic hormone 8. What are the cause of hyperkalemia a. Excess diet or intravenous intake, RF, K+ sparing diuretics, hypoaldosteronism, shift from ICF to ECF, metabolic acidosis 9. What are likely causes of respiratory acidosis a. Depress of respiratory center, disorder of the lung parenchyma, alveolar hypoventilation C02 is retained increase in H+, Co2 excess in blood b. Over sedation, brainstem trauma c. Pulmonary edema, emphysema, asthma, bronchitis d. Acute airway obstruction- does not affect renal buffer mechanism e. Chronic COPD-renal compensation is effective and established 10. When considering white blood cell differentials, acute inflammatory reactions are related to elevations of what leukocyte a. Neutrophils 11. In which structure do B lymphocytes mature and undergo changes that commit them to becoming B cells a. Bone marrow 12. Which immunoglobulins is present in blood, saliva, breast milk, and respiratory secretions a. IgA 13. Which T cell control our limits in the immune response to protect the host own tissue against an autoimmune response a. Regulatory T (Treg) cells 14. The common hay fever allergy is expressed through a rxn that is mediated by class of immunoglobulins a. IgE 15. How many months does it take for the newborn to sufficiently protected by antibodies produced by its own B cells a. 6-8 months 16. A person with type O blood is considered to be the universal blood donor because type) blood contains with of the following a. No antigens 17. Cytokines are thought to cause fevers by stimulating the synthesis of which chemical mediators a. Prostaglandin/endogenous pyrogens (213) 18. Which cells are primary target for HIV? a. Neural cells, CD4th, macrophages, and NK cells 20. The mammary glands enlarge during pregnancy primarily as a consequence of what type of hormonal event a. Hormonal hyperplasia 21. Perceived stress elicits an emotional anticipatory response that begins where a. Limbic system/ Paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus 22. The most common site for a patient diagnosed with prostate cancer is which location a. Bone, especially spine, liver, adrenal gland, lung, lymph nodes 22. Where is the neurotransmitter norepinephrine secreted? a. Sympathetic Post ganglion 23. Thyroid stimulating (TSH) is released to stimulate the thyroid hormone and is inhibited when plasma levels are adequate. What is this an example of a. Negative Feedback