Written by students who passed Immediately available after payment Read online or as PDF Wrong document? Swap it for free 4.6 TrustPilot
logo-home
Class notes

Lecture notes C5 Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics

Rating
-
Sold
4
Pages
77
Uploaded on
29-09-2021
Written in
2020/2021

Detailed lecture notes for all elements of the course (taught ) with some exam question solutions included.

Institution
Course

Content preview

C5 Atmospheric & Oceanic Physics

Richard Anslow
C5 Revision

June 7, 2021

,2

,Contents

1 Thermodynamics 5
1.1 Two-component condensible atmospheres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2 Moist thermodynamics (brief) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

2 Radiative Transfer 9
2.1 Schwarzschild equation for non-scattering atmospheres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2 The grey gas model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.3 Grey gas radiative equilibrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.4 Real gas OLR for all-troposphere atmospheres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.5 Characterising scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.6 Rayleigh & Mie Scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.7 Gray gas radiating levels (2018q2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.8 Band transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.9 Nadir infrared sounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.10 Scattering: Rayleigh phase function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.11 Convective radiative equilibrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
2.11.1 Exam ready: origin of Schwarzschild’s gray gas equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

3 Clouds 29
3.1 Köhler Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2 Growth of cloud droplets, supersaturation and CCNs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.3 Droplet growth by condensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.4 Cloud formation processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.5 Droplet heights and condensational growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.6 Growth by collision/collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.7 Aerosol size distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.8 Cloud Albedo Effect (Twomey) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.9 Cloud formation summary - exam ready . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

4 GFD 47
4.1 Thermal wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4.2 Internal gravity waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
4.3 General internal gravity waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4.4 Kelvin waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
4.5 Rossby waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.6 Sverdrup balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.7 The Stommel Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
4.8 Deep ocean circulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

3

, 4 CONTENTS

4.9 Baroclinic instability and Eady’s model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4.10 Potential vorticity: shallow water equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
4.10.1 Topographic steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
4.11 Shallow water quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
4.12 Stratified quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
4.13 Shallow water waves and reduced gravity derivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

5 Instruments 67
5.1 Detector performance and signal to noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

6 Climate Dynamics 69
6.1 Retrieval/inverse problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
6.2 Linear error propagator: How to tackle non-linear processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
6.3 Linear retrieval and a priori information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
6.4 Lorenz system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.5 Example: flow on a f-plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.6 Singular value decomposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
6.7 Infrared remote sounder: weighting function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Written for

Institution
Study
Course

Document information

Uploaded on
September 29, 2021
Number of pages
77
Written in
2020/2021
Type
Class notes
Professor(s)
Prof ingram
Contains
All classes

Subjects

$15.18
Get access to the full document:

Wrong document? Swap it for free Within 14 days of purchase and before downloading, you can choose a different document. You can simply spend the amount again.
Written by students who passed
Immediately available after payment
Read online or as PDF

Get to know the seller

Seller avatar
Reputation scores are based on the amount of documents a seller has sold for a fee and the reviews they have received for those documents. There are three levels: Bronze, Silver and Gold. The better the reputation, the more your can rely on the quality of the sellers work.
richardanslow1 Oxford University
Follow You need to be logged in order to follow users or courses
Sold
13
Member since
4 year
Number of followers
8
Documents
2
Last sold
2 months ago

4.5

2 reviews

5
1
4
1
3
0
2
0
1
0

Recently viewed by you

Why students choose Stuvia

Created by fellow students, verified by reviews

Quality you can trust: written by students who passed their tests and reviewed by others who've used these notes.

Didn't get what you expected? Choose another document

No worries! You can instantly pick a different document that better fits what you're looking for.

Pay as you like, start learning right away

No subscription, no commitments. Pay the way you're used to via credit card and download your PDF document instantly.

Student with book image

“Bought, downloaded, and aced it. It really can be that simple.”

Alisha Student

Working on your references?

Create accurate citations in APA, MLA and Harvard with our free citation generator.

Working on your references?

Frequently asked questions