PSYCH 111 Exam 2 - Chapter 7 - 10 Questions And Answers

PSYCH 111 Exam 2 CHAPTER 7: (56 Questions) Q: Sexual orientation is best defined as ____. A: a stable pattern of attraction to members of a particular sex Q: As part of his honor’s thesis, Braydon develops a survey to evaluate the updated hierarchy of needs of Kenrick and colleagues, specifically in young adult men and women. Braydon is most interested in determining if men and women differ in the highest level of motivation, which is ____. A: parenting Q: What two hormones are associated with romantic love? A: vasopressin and oxytocin Q: Which scenario supports the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion? A: Aaron relaxes in his hammock. Suddenly, he feels an earthquake, causing him to feel afraid; at the same time, his heart beats rapidly and his palms sweat. Q: Children who are highly responsive and show strong emotional reactions to novel stimuli are more likely to be ____ adults. A: overly anxious Q: According to contemporary views of emotion, an emphasis on what factor may account for the vast range of emotional reactions that individuals have toward the same event? A: appraisal Q: Which model or theory proposes that emotions act as a reservoir that fills up and spills over, and that expressing these emotions will reduce arousal? A: catharsis theory Q: In a study of Japanese and American individuals (Matsumoto et al., 2002), how did the two cultures differ with regards to reading emotions? A: The Japanese interpreted low intensity emotions as being understated; Americans interpreted high intensity emotions as exaggerated. Q: What is the evidence to suggest that exposure to sex hormones in the womb affects sexual orientation? A: Females exposed to higher than normal levels of male hormones in the womb develop male external genitalia and report more same-sex sexual activity. Q: When asked to identify what is most important to their happiness, an overwhelming majority of people typically rated ____ at the top of their list. A: intimacy Q: What evidence illustrates that the need for affiliation has a genetic component? A: Twin studies show that set points for the need for affiliation are influenced by genetics. Q: According to research (Cacioppo, Berntson, Norris, & Gollan, 2011), why do humans place a general priority on negative emotions over positive emotions? A: Negative emotions signal more serious threats to survival. Q: The emotional quality of pain likely results from information processing at which level of the brain? A: cingulate cortex Q: Sally loves to run, and works jogging into her daily schedule because of the “runner’s high” she experiences. Sally is motivated by a(n) ____ reward. A: intrinsic Q: Drive theories of motivation are often described as “____” theories. A: push Q: Gaia glances over at her roommate, who is on the phone with her mother. She watches as her roommate’s facial expressions change from happy – to sad – to angry – as she progresses through the phone conversation. What area of Gaia’s brain is most likely to change activity as she processes the different facial expressions? A: amygdala Q: Dr. Pollini is investigating how the brain regulates patterns of eating behavior. He performs an experiment and finds that lesioning a particular brain region causes rodents to significantly increase their food intake and to gain weight. What area of the brain has Dr. Pollini lesioned? A: ventromedial hypothalamus