PSYCH 111 Exam 3 - Chapter 11 - 16 Questions And Answers

PSYCH 111 Exam 3 CHAPTER 11: Q: About the same time that infants begin to crawl, usually between 6 and 8 months, they also begin to show separation anxiety. This indicates that they ____. A: now recognize who does and does not belong in their social world Q: The complete cessation of a woman’s menstrual cycles is called ____. A: menopause Q: Eduardo’s father, a heavy smoker, died fairly young from lung cancer. Eduardo looks at his small children and wants to lead a long and healthy life. What should be his focus? A: lifestyle factors Q: Babies can’t talk. Which of the following are ways in which researchers directly assess the sensory capacities of very young babies? A: measures of heart rate, facial expression, and head movements Q: The major theme of physical and cognitive development in midlife is ____. A: stability Q: Which of the following best describes the relationships of older adults? A: Older adults often find their relationships with siblings especially meaningful. Q: According to research (Fox, Hershberger, & Bouchard, 1996), who is most likely to reach milestones in motor development at the same time? A: identical twins Q: During pregnancy, which organ provides the developing fetus with nutrients and oxygen, and protects it from exposure to a variety of toxins and disease-causing agents? A: placenta Q: Professor Edokpa teaches college classes in an evening program, and has students of all ages. Tonight they are discussing whether human rights are universal or vary according to cultural values. One student, Harry, clearly enjoys debating the pros and cons of each position, while another student, Carl, expresses frustration that he can’t figure out the correct answer. Harry is engaging in ____. A: postformal thought Q: A period of physical changes leading to sexual maturity is called ____. A: puberty Q: Parenting styles can be divided into four categories, which vary along ____ (Baumrind, 1975; Maccoby & Martin, 1983). A: two dimensions: support and behavioral regulation Q: Newborns show an innate preference for looking at faces. This preference ____. A: provides advantages in social behavior and language learning Q: Which of the following is in the category of the most common and preventable sources of adverse effects in the developing fetus? A: Allison and her husband drink a bottle or two of wine every night with dinner. Q: Children grow up and move out, leaving their parents at midlife with an “empty nest.” Michael’s parents, Americans, are quite cheerful about it. Rumi’s parents, from India and now living in Canada, are quite disappointed. This difference in reaction most likely reflects ____. A: cultural variation Q: Teens begin to form an identity by asking “Who am I?” and “What kind of person do I want to be?” According to Erikson, failure to achieve a stable identity leads to ____. A: role confusion and problems with subsequent stages Q: Gabriel is 25 years old, 6 foot 3 inches, and 185 pounds. He is an accomplished lacrosse player and continues to play in a competitive league. Gabriel ____. A: is most likely at the peak of his physical fitness Q: Jack was a very timid child, both physically and socially. His parents gently encouraged him to participate in activities with other children. Over time he became quite adept at playing team sports. This is an example of ____. A: goodness of fit Q: Which of the following types of intelligence is most likely to change due to aging? A: fluid intelligence Q: Which of the following is a finding from Harry Harlow’s study (1958) of rhesus monkeys and attachment? A: The mother’s ability to provide contact comfort was critical in forming a strong attachment on the part of her infant. Q: The study of human development considers changes in behavior ____. A: that correlate with growth or maturation Q: Long-term marriage partners show more similarities with each other due to a lifetime spent in each other’s company, along with a(n) ____. A: lack of attention to past negative events and personality traits Q: The emotional bonding between an infant and a parent or caregiver is called ____. A: attachment Q: How can adolescence best be described? A: A period of development beginning at puberty and ending at young adulthood