Summary AIS1501 study guide

Contents Study Unit Page 1. INTRODUCING APPLIED INFORMATION SCIENCE 1 1.1 THIS MODULE 2 1.1.1 Purpose of this module 2 1.1.2 Focus of this module 2 1.1.3 What you will be studying in this module 2 1.2 HOW TO USE THIS STUDY GUIDE 3 1.2.1 Applied Information Science as a subject field and related concepts 3 1.3 LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES 5 1.4 THE “ELECTRONIC LIBRARY” 8 1.5 ASPECTS STUDIED IN APPLIED INFORMATION SCIENCE 9 1.6 CHARACTERISTICS OF APPLIED INFORMATION SCIENCE 10 1.7 IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING LIBRARY AND INFORMATION INSTITUTIONS 11 1.8 THE LIBRARY AND INFORMATION PROFESSION 13 1.9 PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS 14 1.10 SUMMARY 15 1.11 SELF-ASSESSMENT 15 2. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION SERVICES 17 2.1 THE NEED TO STUDY LIBRARY HISTORY 18 2.2 MESOPOTAMIA (FROM THE 4th MILLENNIUM BC) 18 2.2.1 Earliest record collections in Sumeria, Babylonia and Assyria 18 2.2.2 Library of Ashurbanipal (668–627 BC) 19 2.3 EGYPT (FROM THE 3rd MILLENNIUM BC) 21 2.4 THE CLASSICAL GREEK AND ROMAN ERAS (7TH CENTURY BC TO 4TH CENTURY AD) 21 2.4.1 Book collections in Ancient Greece 21 2.4.2 Alexandrian library (295 BC–47 AD) 21 2.4.3 Library at Pergamum (197–159 BC) 23 2.4.4 Book collections in the Roman Empire 23 2.5 THE MIDDLE AGES (5TH TO 14TH CENTURIES) 24 2.5.1 Monastic and cathedral libraries 24 2.5.2 Differences between the libraries of classical antiquity and monastic libraries 24 2.5.3 Similarities between libraries of classical antiquity and monastic libraries 25 2.5.4 University libraries 26 2.6 THE RENAISSANCE (15TH CENTURY) AND THE INVENTION OF PRINTING 26 iv 2.6.1 Development of libraries 26 2.6.2 Effects of the invention of printing 27 2.7 THE REFORMATION (16TH CENTURY) 28 2.8 THE BAROQUE PERIOD (17TH CENTURY) 29 2.9 THE 18TH CENTURY 29 2.10 THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (19TH CENTURY) 30 2.11 POST-INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY (20TH CENTURY AND BEYOND) 31 2.12 THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES IN SOUTH AFRICA 32 2.13 TRENDS IN THE HISTORY OF LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION SERVICES 34 2.13.1 Record-related aspects 34 2.13.2 Retrieval-related aspects 35 2.13.3 User-related aspects 36 2.14 INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES FUNCTIONS 37 2.14.1 WHAT IS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY? 37 2.14.2 FACTORS THAT ARE INFLUENCED BY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE LIBRARIES 37 2.14 SUMMARY 38 2.15 SELF-ASSESSMENT 39 3. LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES: ENVIRONMENT, MISSION, AIMS AND FUNCTIONS 40 3.1 FACTORS INFLUENCING LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES 41 3.1.1 Social and cultural factors 41 3.1.2 Economic factors 42 3.1.3 Political factors 43 3.1.4 Technological factors and the electronic environment 43 3.1.5 Physical factors 44 3.2 ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE 45 3.2.1 Parent body 45 3.2.2 Main and branch libraries 46 3.3 USERS OF LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION SERVICES 47 3.4 THE ROLE OF THE LIBRARY IN SOCIETY 48 3.4.1 The library as an institution 48 3.4.2 The library as a service organisation 49 3.4.3 Survival of the library and service ethic 50 3.5 DIFFERENT TYPES OF LIBRARIES 51 3.6 MISSION OF A LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICE 51 3.7 AIMS OF A LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICE 52 3.8 FUNCTIONS OF A LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICE 54 3.9 COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT 56