FACULTY OF HEALTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
BACHELOR OF FORENSIC SCIENCE
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KCH 20403T
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APPLIED CHEMISTRY
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ASSIGNMENT 1: ESSAY
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aC s
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Prepared by,
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NAME STUDENT ID
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FU HER XIANCEN 012019072918
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Th
Prepared for,
LECTURER : NURAIN BT NASRUDIN
SUBMISSION DATE : 30th SEPTEMBER 2020
This study source was downloaded by 100000833429026 from CourseHero.com on 10-01-2021 23:48:03 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/76357250/Assignment-1docx/
, The Creation of the Modern Atomic Theory: Remarkable Evolution Over Time
All matter is made up of atoms. This is something we now take as a given,
and one of the things we learn right back at the beginning of high school or
secondary school chemistry classes. Despite this, our ideas about what an atom is
surprisingly recent. As little as one hundred years ago, scientists were still debating
what exactly an atom looked like. This graphic takes a look at the key models
proposed for the atom, and how they changed over time. Atomic theory has evolved
since ancient times. Scientists have taken the hypothesis of Greek scholars and have
built on it with their different discoveries and theories regarding the atom, which
derives from the Greek word "atomos," meaning indivisible. In fact, we have to go all
the way back to Ancient Greece to find its genesis.
Since then, the scientific community has discovered that these particles
further divide into sub-particles known as protons, neutrons and electrons. The
Ancient Greek theory has been credited to several different scholars, but is most
often attributed to Democritus (460 - 370 BC) and his mentor Leucippus. They
mentioned that matter is composed of indivisible building blocks. Though their ideas
m
about atoms were rudimentary compared to the concepts today, they outlined the
er as
idea that everything is made of atoms, invisible and indivisible spheres of matter of
co
infinite type and number. Nevertheless, the name "atom" has stuck.
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These two philosophers held that these were solid particles without internal
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structure, and came in a variety of shapes and sizes. Intangible qualities including
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taste and colour, according to this theory, were made of atoms. However, another
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philosopher, Aristotle strongly opposed this idea, and the scientific community failed
to pay serious attention to it for centuries. Later, Aristotle and others philosophers
came to the conclusion that matter consisted of various combinations of the four
o
elements which are fire, earth, air, and water, hence they could be infinitely divided.
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Interestingly, these philosophers thought about atoms and 'elements' as philosophical
v i y re
concepts, but apparently never considered performing experiments to test their
ideas.
The Aristotelian view of the composition of matter held away for over two
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thousand years, until a chemist, John Dalton helped to revolutionize chemistry with
his hypothesis that the behaviour of matter could be explained by using an atomic
ar stu
theory. In the year of 1808, John Dalton further built on the Greek notion of atoms.
He postulated that matter is made of atoms, which are small indivisible particles.
Also, he proposed that while all atoms of one element are identical, they are totally
sh is
different from those that make up other elements. He drew on the ideas of the
Ancient Greeks in describing atoms as small, hard spheres that are indivisible, and
Th
that atoms of a given element are identical to each other. From this theory, the latter
point is one that pretty much still holds true, with the notable exception being
isotopes of different elements, which differ in their number of neutrons. The theories
then came up by him was about how atoms combine to make compounds, and also
came up with the first set of chemical symbols for the known elements. Dalton’s
theory was a start of outlining the modern atomic theory but it was still inaccurate
because atoms are not indivisible, they are composed of subatomic particles.
The first breakthrough came in the late 1800s when English physicist Joseph
John (JJ) Thomson discovered that the atom was not as indivisible as previously
claimed by Dalton. In the late 19th century, Thomson began experimenting with
cathode ray tubes. He carried out experiments using cathode rays produced in a
discharge tube, and found that the rays were attracted by positively charged metal
This study source was downloaded by 100000833429026 from CourseHero.com on 10-01-2021 23:48:03 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/76357250/Assignment-1docx/
BACHELOR OF FORENSIC SCIENCE
m
KCH 20403T
er as
co
eH w
o.
APPLIED CHEMISTRY
rs e
ou urc
ASSIGNMENT 1: ESSAY
o
aC s
v i y re
Prepared by,
ed d
NAME STUDENT ID
ar stu
FU HER XIANCEN 012019072918
sh is
Th
Prepared for,
LECTURER : NURAIN BT NASRUDIN
SUBMISSION DATE : 30th SEPTEMBER 2020
This study source was downloaded by 100000833429026 from CourseHero.com on 10-01-2021 23:48:03 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/76357250/Assignment-1docx/
, The Creation of the Modern Atomic Theory: Remarkable Evolution Over Time
All matter is made up of atoms. This is something we now take as a given,
and one of the things we learn right back at the beginning of high school or
secondary school chemistry classes. Despite this, our ideas about what an atom is
surprisingly recent. As little as one hundred years ago, scientists were still debating
what exactly an atom looked like. This graphic takes a look at the key models
proposed for the atom, and how they changed over time. Atomic theory has evolved
since ancient times. Scientists have taken the hypothesis of Greek scholars and have
built on it with their different discoveries and theories regarding the atom, which
derives from the Greek word "atomos," meaning indivisible. In fact, we have to go all
the way back to Ancient Greece to find its genesis.
Since then, the scientific community has discovered that these particles
further divide into sub-particles known as protons, neutrons and electrons. The
Ancient Greek theory has been credited to several different scholars, but is most
often attributed to Democritus (460 - 370 BC) and his mentor Leucippus. They
mentioned that matter is composed of indivisible building blocks. Though their ideas
m
about atoms were rudimentary compared to the concepts today, they outlined the
er as
idea that everything is made of atoms, invisible and indivisible spheres of matter of
co
infinite type and number. Nevertheless, the name "atom" has stuck.
eH w
These two philosophers held that these were solid particles without internal
o.
structure, and came in a variety of shapes and sizes. Intangible qualities including
rs e
taste and colour, according to this theory, were made of atoms. However, another
ou urc
philosopher, Aristotle strongly opposed this idea, and the scientific community failed
to pay serious attention to it for centuries. Later, Aristotle and others philosophers
came to the conclusion that matter consisted of various combinations of the four
o
elements which are fire, earth, air, and water, hence they could be infinitely divided.
aC s
Interestingly, these philosophers thought about atoms and 'elements' as philosophical
v i y re
concepts, but apparently never considered performing experiments to test their
ideas.
The Aristotelian view of the composition of matter held away for over two
ed d
thousand years, until a chemist, John Dalton helped to revolutionize chemistry with
his hypothesis that the behaviour of matter could be explained by using an atomic
ar stu
theory. In the year of 1808, John Dalton further built on the Greek notion of atoms.
He postulated that matter is made of atoms, which are small indivisible particles.
Also, he proposed that while all atoms of one element are identical, they are totally
sh is
different from those that make up other elements. He drew on the ideas of the
Ancient Greeks in describing atoms as small, hard spheres that are indivisible, and
Th
that atoms of a given element are identical to each other. From this theory, the latter
point is one that pretty much still holds true, with the notable exception being
isotopes of different elements, which differ in their number of neutrons. The theories
then came up by him was about how atoms combine to make compounds, and also
came up with the first set of chemical symbols for the known elements. Dalton’s
theory was a start of outlining the modern atomic theory but it was still inaccurate
because atoms are not indivisible, they are composed of subatomic particles.
The first breakthrough came in the late 1800s when English physicist Joseph
John (JJ) Thomson discovered that the atom was not as indivisible as previously
claimed by Dalton. In the late 19th century, Thomson began experimenting with
cathode ray tubes. He carried out experiments using cathode rays produced in a
discharge tube, and found that the rays were attracted by positively charged metal
This study source was downloaded by 100000833429026 from CourseHero.com on 10-01-2021 23:48:03 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/76357250/Assignment-1docx/
