Pre-Quiz Information
1.The nurse understands that heparin acts in which of the following ways?
a)Answer: It prevents conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.
b)Rationale: Heparin accelerates formation of antithrombin III-thrombin complex and deactivates thrombin, preventing conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.
2.Which of the following diagnostic tools can the nurse expect to be used when a pulmonary embolism is suspected? (Select all that apply.)
a)Answer: Chest x-ray, Arterial blood gas, Ventilation-perfusion scan, Electrocardiogram
b)Rationale: The provider can order a pulse oximetry, chest x-ray, electrocardiogram (ECG), arterial blood gas (ABG), and ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan to confirm the
presence of pulmonary embolism (PE) when the symptoms warrant.
3.What measure would the nurse take after interpreting the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results for a postoperative patient on a 40% oxygen face mask? pH 7.34 PaCO2 46 mm Hg HCO3 26 mEq/L PaO2 86 mm Hg
a)Answer: Monitor the respiratory rate and depth closely
b)Rationale: The ABG reveals an uncompensated respiratory acidosis. The PaCO2 is slightly elevated. CO2 retention can result from a decreased respiratory rate or depth. The PaO2 is within normal limits, so an increase in oxygen is not needed. The provider should be notified of the ABG results, but it is not an emergency or requiring
intubation.
4.Morphine is administered by the nurse in the patient experiencing pulmonary embolism in order to accomplish which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
a)Answer: Decrease anxiety, Decrease pain, Decrease preload
b)Rationale: Small doses of IV morphine are administered to relieve the patient's pain and ease adaption to mechanical ventilation, if needed, which may also assist in reducing anxiety. Morphine also decreases preload due to its venous vasodilation effects.
5.Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? A pulmonary embolism requires emergency treatment.
a)Answer: True
b)Rationale: A pulmonary embolism (PE) is considered a medical emergency, as death can occur within one hour if not treated promptly.
6.The nurse knows that death from an acute pulmonary embolism commonly occurs within how many hours after the onset of symptoms?
a)Answer: 1
b)Rationale: Death for acute pulmonary embolism (PE) commonly occurs within one hour after onset of symptoms.
7.Which of the following nursing assessment findings are excluded for a pulmonary embolism? (Select all that apply.)
a)Answer: Gradual onset chest pain, Bradycardia, Hot dry skin
b)Rationale: Signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism (PE) can include dyspnea, sudden chest pain, anxiety, fever, tachycardia, hemoptysis, and diaphoresis.
8.When caring for a patient experiencing a pulmonary embolism, the nurse would expect to
see increased levels in which of the following lab test results due to the effects of heparin?This study source was downloaded by 100000831397695 from CourseHero.com on 10-13-2021 03:14:01 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/60928202/Vernon-Watkins-v-sim-Pre-Quiz-adult-medsurgdocx/This study resource was
shared via CourseHero.com
1.The nurse understands that heparin acts in which of the following ways?
a)Answer: It prevents conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.
b)Rationale: Heparin accelerates formation of antithrombin III-thrombin complex and deactivates thrombin, preventing conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.
2.Which of the following diagnostic tools can the nurse expect to be used when a pulmonary embolism is suspected? (Select all that apply.)
a)Answer: Chest x-ray, Arterial blood gas, Ventilation-perfusion scan, Electrocardiogram
b)Rationale: The provider can order a pulse oximetry, chest x-ray, electrocardiogram (ECG), arterial blood gas (ABG), and ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan to confirm the
presence of pulmonary embolism (PE) when the symptoms warrant.
3.What measure would the nurse take after interpreting the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results for a postoperative patient on a 40% oxygen face mask? pH 7.34 PaCO2 46 mm Hg HCO3 26 mEq/L PaO2 86 mm Hg
a)Answer: Monitor the respiratory rate and depth closely
b)Rationale: The ABG reveals an uncompensated respiratory acidosis. The PaCO2 is slightly elevated. CO2 retention can result from a decreased respiratory rate or depth. The PaO2 is within normal limits, so an increase in oxygen is not needed. The provider should be notified of the ABG results, but it is not an emergency or requiring
intubation.
4.Morphine is administered by the nurse in the patient experiencing pulmonary embolism in order to accomplish which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
a)Answer: Decrease anxiety, Decrease pain, Decrease preload
b)Rationale: Small doses of IV morphine are administered to relieve the patient's pain and ease adaption to mechanical ventilation, if needed, which may also assist in reducing anxiety. Morphine also decreases preload due to its venous vasodilation effects.
5.Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? A pulmonary embolism requires emergency treatment.
a)Answer: True
b)Rationale: A pulmonary embolism (PE) is considered a medical emergency, as death can occur within one hour if not treated promptly.
6.The nurse knows that death from an acute pulmonary embolism commonly occurs within how many hours after the onset of symptoms?
a)Answer: 1
b)Rationale: Death for acute pulmonary embolism (PE) commonly occurs within one hour after onset of symptoms.
7.Which of the following nursing assessment findings are excluded for a pulmonary embolism? (Select all that apply.)
a)Answer: Gradual onset chest pain, Bradycardia, Hot dry skin
b)Rationale: Signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism (PE) can include dyspnea, sudden chest pain, anxiety, fever, tachycardia, hemoptysis, and diaphoresis.
8.When caring for a patient experiencing a pulmonary embolism, the nurse would expect to
see increased levels in which of the following lab test results due to the effects of heparin?This study source was downloaded by 100000831397695 from CourseHero.com on 10-13-2021 03:14:01 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/60928202/Vernon-Watkins-v-sim-Pre-Quiz-adult-medsurgdocx/This study resource was
shared via CourseHero.com
