HANDOUT, EBV, CMV, COXSACKIE
HERPESVIRIDAE
Characteristics
Virion Spherical, 150–200 nm in diameter (icosahedral)
Genome Double-stranded DNA, linear, 125–240 kbp, reiterated sequences
Proteins More than 35 proteins in virion
Envelope Contains viral glycoproteins, Fc receptors
Replication Nucleus, bud from nuclear membrane
Outstanding Encode many enzymes
Characteristics Establish latent infections
Persist indefinitely in infected hosts
Frequently reactivated in immunosuppressed hosts
Some cause cancer
From: Medical Microbiology by Jawetz, 27th ed
Classification:
Subfamily Alpha
Growth cycle & Short
cytopahology Cytolytic
Latent infections Neurons
Genus Simplex virus (1 & 2)
Varicellovirus (3)
Official Names Human Herpesvirus 1 (HHV 1)
Human Herpesvirus 2 (HHV 2)
Human Herpesvirus 3 (HHV 3)
Common Name Herpes Simplex virus 1 (HSV 1)
Herpes Simplex virus 2 (HSV 2)
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) (3)
Subfamily Beta
Growth cycle & Long, Cytomegalic
cytopathology Long, Lymphoproliferarive
Latent infections Glands and kidneys (5)
Lymphoid tissues (6 & 7)
Genus Cytomegalovirus (5)
Roseolovirus (6 & 7)
Official Names Human Herpesvirus 5 (HHV5)
Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV6)
Human Herpesvirus 7 (HHV7)
Common Name Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Subfamily Gamma
Growth cycle & Variable
cytopahology Lymphoproliferative
Latent infections Lymphoid tissues
Genus Lymphocryptovirus (4)
Rhadinovirus (8)
Official Names Human Herpesvirus 4 (HHV 4)
Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV 8)
Common Name Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) (4)
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) (8)
th
, EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS (EBV)
• Ubiquitous herpesvirus
• Two major strains – types A & B
• Prevalence is 95% in adult humans
• Major target cells – Epithelial cells, B lymphocyte thru the CR2 or CD21
• Causes B cell immortalization (lifelong latency) – 1 in 10 5-106
Epidemiology
• Low socioeconomic strata
• Infancy and childhood
• Industrialized countries
• Adolescents and young adults
• Viral shedding
• Oral secretions >6 months after acute infection then intermittently for life
• Male and female secretions
Diseases associated with EBV
• Infectious mononucleosis (IM, “mono”)
• In children - mild
• In adolescents and adults – more severe
• B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder
• Burkitt lymphoma
• Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas
• X-linked Lymphoproliferative disorder or Duncan syndrome
• May be associated with
• Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
• Gastric carcinoma
Transmission of IM
• Adults and adolescents
• Penetrative sexual intercourse
• “Deep kissing” (Kissing Disease)
• Children
• Exchange of saliva
Pathogenesis
Lytic stage
o Proteins
Immediate-early gene products are transactivator proteins that trigger the
expression of the early genes (EA)
Early (EA) – products are enzymes during replication
Late (VCA-viral capside antigen) - to which neutralizing Ab responses are
directed
Latency stage
o Proteins aid in immortalizing the B lymphocytes and play a crucial role in
oncogenesis
EBNA (Nuclear antigen)
LMP (Latent membrane protein)
HERPESVIRIDAE
Characteristics
Virion Spherical, 150–200 nm in diameter (icosahedral)
Genome Double-stranded DNA, linear, 125–240 kbp, reiterated sequences
Proteins More than 35 proteins in virion
Envelope Contains viral glycoproteins, Fc receptors
Replication Nucleus, bud from nuclear membrane
Outstanding Encode many enzymes
Characteristics Establish latent infections
Persist indefinitely in infected hosts
Frequently reactivated in immunosuppressed hosts
Some cause cancer
From: Medical Microbiology by Jawetz, 27th ed
Classification:
Subfamily Alpha
Growth cycle & Short
cytopahology Cytolytic
Latent infections Neurons
Genus Simplex virus (1 & 2)
Varicellovirus (3)
Official Names Human Herpesvirus 1 (HHV 1)
Human Herpesvirus 2 (HHV 2)
Human Herpesvirus 3 (HHV 3)
Common Name Herpes Simplex virus 1 (HSV 1)
Herpes Simplex virus 2 (HSV 2)
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) (3)
Subfamily Beta
Growth cycle & Long, Cytomegalic
cytopathology Long, Lymphoproliferarive
Latent infections Glands and kidneys (5)
Lymphoid tissues (6 & 7)
Genus Cytomegalovirus (5)
Roseolovirus (6 & 7)
Official Names Human Herpesvirus 5 (HHV5)
Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV6)
Human Herpesvirus 7 (HHV7)
Common Name Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Subfamily Gamma
Growth cycle & Variable
cytopahology Lymphoproliferative
Latent infections Lymphoid tissues
Genus Lymphocryptovirus (4)
Rhadinovirus (8)
Official Names Human Herpesvirus 4 (HHV 4)
Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV 8)
Common Name Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) (4)
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) (8)
th
, EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS (EBV)
• Ubiquitous herpesvirus
• Two major strains – types A & B
• Prevalence is 95% in adult humans
• Major target cells – Epithelial cells, B lymphocyte thru the CR2 or CD21
• Causes B cell immortalization (lifelong latency) – 1 in 10 5-106
Epidemiology
• Low socioeconomic strata
• Infancy and childhood
• Industrialized countries
• Adolescents and young adults
• Viral shedding
• Oral secretions >6 months after acute infection then intermittently for life
• Male and female secretions
Diseases associated with EBV
• Infectious mononucleosis (IM, “mono”)
• In children - mild
• In adolescents and adults – more severe
• B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder
• Burkitt lymphoma
• Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas
• X-linked Lymphoproliferative disorder or Duncan syndrome
• May be associated with
• Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
• Gastric carcinoma
Transmission of IM
• Adults and adolescents
• Penetrative sexual intercourse
• “Deep kissing” (Kissing Disease)
• Children
• Exchange of saliva
Pathogenesis
Lytic stage
o Proteins
Immediate-early gene products are transactivator proteins that trigger the
expression of the early genes (EA)
Early (EA) – products are enzymes during replication
Late (VCA-viral capside antigen) - to which neutralizing Ab responses are
directed
Latency stage
o Proteins aid in immortalizing the B lymphocytes and play a crucial role in
oncogenesis
EBNA (Nuclear antigen)
LMP (Latent membrane protein)
