Topic: Cell Physiology
Homeostasis- maintenance of the and consistency of the internal environment
-failure to maintain disease/death
2 Major Fluid Compartments
• ICF – Intracellular Fluid
- Bigger
- 2/3 of the total body fluid
- 25L (40%) body weight
• ECF – Extracellular Fluid
- Smaller
- 1/3 of the total body fluid
- 20% total body weight
- Components:
▪ Interstitial Fluid – 4/5
- ECF that fills the narrow spaces between cells
▪ Plasma and lymph- 1/5
- Plasma – ECF within blood vessels
- Lymph- ECF within lymphatic vessels
Cell – basic structural or functional unit of the body
Chemical Components:
1.) Water – 75-85%
a. Free water- for metabolic process
- Cellular growth
- Stored energy
b. Bound water- attached to proteins
Functions: Vesicle for suspension for cellular particles (cytoplasm)
Transport for substances to and from the cell.
2.) Proteins – 10-20%
a. Fibrous / structural – elongated
b. Globular / enzymatic – spheroidal
c. Nucleoproteins – with RNA and DNA (with hereditary component)
3.) Lipids/ Fats -2-3%
Functions: acts as food or energy reserves
-important role in the cell membrane (lipid bilayer) (phospholipids, cholesterol)
4.) Carbohydrates – 2-3%
Functions: source of chemical energy for generating ATP needed to drive metabolic reactions
Homeostasis- maintenance of the and consistency of the internal environment
-failure to maintain disease/death
2 Major Fluid Compartments
• ICF – Intracellular Fluid
- Bigger
- 2/3 of the total body fluid
- 25L (40%) body weight
• ECF – Extracellular Fluid
- Smaller
- 1/3 of the total body fluid
- 20% total body weight
- Components:
▪ Interstitial Fluid – 4/5
- ECF that fills the narrow spaces between cells
▪ Plasma and lymph- 1/5
- Plasma – ECF within blood vessels
- Lymph- ECF within lymphatic vessels
Cell – basic structural or functional unit of the body
Chemical Components:
1.) Water – 75-85%
a. Free water- for metabolic process
- Cellular growth
- Stored energy
b. Bound water- attached to proteins
Functions: Vesicle for suspension for cellular particles (cytoplasm)
Transport for substances to and from the cell.
2.) Proteins – 10-20%
a. Fibrous / structural – elongated
b. Globular / enzymatic – spheroidal
c. Nucleoproteins – with RNA and DNA (with hereditary component)
3.) Lipids/ Fats -2-3%
Functions: acts as food or energy reserves
-important role in the cell membrane (lipid bilayer) (phospholipids, cholesterol)
4.) Carbohydrates – 2-3%
Functions: source of chemical energy for generating ATP needed to drive metabolic reactions
