Test Bank: Introduction to Psychopathology Keltner : Psychiatric Nursing, 8th Edition,100% CORRECT

Test Bank: Introduction to Psychopathology Keltner : Psychiatric Nursing, 8th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which argument effectively supports the importance of funding services for persons with mental illness in the United States? a. During any given year 25% of adult Americans are affected by mental disorders. b. Increasing toxins in the environment are increasing the incidence of mental illness. c. The high prevalence of mental illness is directly linked to increasing violence in the media. d. The incidence of mental illness is increasing because of deterioration of the American family. ANS: A Funding is justified based on the high incidence of mental illness. The origins of mental illness are multifaceted. It is overly simplistic to associate these problems with one or two variables. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Planning MSC: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment 2. What is the purpose of the DSM-V? a. It provides a detailed list of clinical psychiatric disorders. b. It details data and statistics about mental disorders in the United States. c. It serves as the official ANmerRicanIresGourBce.mCanuMal detailing diagnostic criteria of psychiatric disorders. U S N T O d. It acts as a compendium of the international demographics of substance abuse and mental disorders. ANS: C The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) is published by the American Psychiatric Association. It provides diagnostic criteria for mental and substance abuse disorders and is used throughout the United States. The other options are not descriptive of the DSM-V. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Planning MSC: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment 3. What is the most prevalent psychopathologic condition diagnosed in the United States? a. Schizophrenia b. Mood disorder c. Anxiety disorder d. Alcohol dependency ANS: C Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent, followed by mood disorders and alcohol disorders. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment 4. Which assessment finding should be documented as subjective information? a. Flushed face b. White blood cell (WBC) count 12,000 cells/L c. Lithium level 1.2 mEq/L d. Reports of abdominal pain ANS: D Subjective data are what the patient relates to the nurse such as reports of pain. Objective data are measurable data obtained by the nurse. DIF: Cognitive level: Applying TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Physiologic Integrity 5. A nurse reads this information in a patient’s record: suffered anoxia at birth; foster home placement at age 3; taunted by peers during childhood; low self-esteem since adolescence. Which item would be classified as a biologic factor associated with the patient’s mental illness? a. Anoxia at birth b. Low self-esteem c. Taunted by peers d. Trauma caused by parental death ANS: A Biologic causes arise from nature; that is, they are organic or genetic. Anoxia is an organic etiology. The other conditions are of psychological etiology. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: PhysiologNicUInRteSgrIityNGTB.COM 6. What general psychotherapeutic management guideline should nurses apply when caring for all patients? a. Strengthen patients’ self-esteem. b. Keep reality testing to a minimum. c. Ignore hostile behavior when possible. d. Provide unrestricted opportunities for self-expression. ANS: A Strengthening patients’ self-esteem is an important aspect of psychotherapeutic management and a key part of the nurse’s role. The distracters are not always therapeutic. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity 7. Which principle is applicable to nursing care of patients with all types of psychopathology? a. Avoid competitive situations. b. Treat patients as individuals. c. Confront patients with consequences of behavior. d. Assume that patients will make self-enhancing decisions. ANS: B Treating all patients as individuals is a key aspect of showing respect. The distracters are not universally therapeutic measures. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity 8. A patient who has taken antipsychotic medication for a year presents with these signs and symptoms: jaundice, headache, pruritus, and abdominal discomfort. Which finding should be documented as objective data? a. Pruritus b. Jaundice c. Headache d. Abdominal discomfort ANS: B Objective data are obtained by the nurse through direct observation or measurement. Jaundice is seen by the nurse. The other choices are considered subjective data. DIF: Cognitive level: Applying TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Physiologic Integrity 9. A patient with low self-esteem and feelings of failure would benefit most from which activity? a. Attending a dance b. Playing board games c. Leading the chorus for a party d. Helping make favors for a party ANS: D Making favors is a productivNe taRsk thIat hGoldBs .litCtle oMpportunity for failure and ample opportunity for receiving support and positive feedback. The other options hold a greater risk for failure. DIF: Cognitive level: Applying TOP: Nursing process: Planning MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity 10. How does a multiaxial diagnostic and classification tool contribute to successful treatment of persons with mental illness? a. It provides for consistency and continuity in formulation of diagnoses. b. It assesses more dimensions of illness than simply the medical diagnosis. c. It establishes prevalence rates for psychiatric disorders across various cultural groups. d. It provides treatment algorithms for psychotherapeutic management of persons with mental illness. ANS: B A multiaxial tool looks more holistically at the individual. The DSM-V-TR axes consider medical conditions, presence of personality and developmental disorders, relevant psychosocial and environmental factors, and global assessment of functioning. The other options listed are not advantages that contribute to treatment success. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity 11. How do prevalence rates for substance abuse disorders in the United States currently present? a. Higher for men b. Higher for women c. Equal for both genders d. Higher than anxiety disorders ANS: A Prevalence rates for substance abuse disorders are highest in men. The remaining options are not true regarding substance abuse prevalence. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity 12. Which assessment finding should be documented as objective information? a. Rated anxiety 8 on a scale of 10 b. Reported depressed mood c. Reports of headache d. Wore layered clothing ANS: D Objective data are measurable data obtained or observed by the nurse. Layered clothing is an example of objective data. Subjective data are what the patient relates to the nurse. DIF: Cognitive level: Applying TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Physiologic Integrity 13. The nurse reads this information in a patient’s record: history of agranulocytosis from antipsychotic medication; vicNtimRof cIhildGhooBd.sCexuMal abuse; weight loss of 27 lb in 3 months; parent diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Which item would be classified as a psychodynamic factor associated with the patient’s mental illness? a. History of agranulocytosis from antipsychotic medication b. Parent diagnosed with bipolar disorder c. Weight loss of 27 lb in 3 months d. Victim of childhood sexual abuse ANS: D Psychodynamic causes of mental illness arise from “nurture”—for example, childhood sexual abuse. The distracters are of biologic (“nature”) etiology. DIF: Cognitive level: Applying TOP: Nursing process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity 14. Long- and short-term goals are documented in which part of the plan of care? a. Assessment b. Diagnosis c. Outcomes d. Interventions e. Evaluation ANS: C Long- and short-term goals are the product of outcome identification, and documentation is appropriate only in the “outcomes” part of the plan of care. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Planning MSC: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment 15. A patient’s areas of strength are documented in which part of the plan of care? a. Assessment b. Diagnosis c. Outcome identification d. Interventions e. Evaluation ANS: A Areas of strength are part of the nurse’s assessment, and documentation is appropriate only in that part of the plan of care. This information is very important for the later steps of outcome identification and planning. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Planning MSC: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment 16. Which adjective best describes a therapeutic psychiatric nurse? a. Holistic b. Organized c. Diplomatic d. Compassionate ANS: A Holism is crucial to knowledgeable, safe, and effective practice as a psychiatric nurse. The distracters are incomplete. CoNmUpRasSsiIoNn Gis TanBCeOctMof holism. DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding TOP: Nursing process: Planning MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. Which guidelines should be included by the nurse who will provide staff development training to unlicensed assistive personnel about psychotherapeutic management? (Select all that apply.) a. Support should be minimal to prevent development of dependence. b. Norms and limits are more important than individual needs. c. Hostility should run its course without staff interference. d. Plan opportunities to strengthen patients’ self-esteem. e. Provide encouragement for patients in distress. ANS: D, E Important guidelines include provision of encouragement, especially when patients are in distress, and strengthening patients’ self-esteem. The other options are actually the opposite of accepted guidelines. DIF: Cognitive level: Applying TOP: Nursing process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity