Historical Perspective Influences on the Present

MULTIPLE CHOICE Which statement indicates the nurse understands the Latin origin of “nurse?” “The Latin word for ‘nurse’ is carena, meaning ‘caring.’” “The Latin word for ‘nurse’ is nimphe, meaning ‘nurture.’” “The Latin word for ‘nurse’ is succurus, meaning ‘relief.’” “The Latin word for ‘nurse’ is nutricius, meaning ‘nourishing.’” ANS: D The word “nurse” is derived from the Latin word nutricius, meaning nourishing. It was said in Roman mythology that the goddess Fortuna, who was considered the goddess of an individual’s fate, was Jupiter’s nurse. Carena is the Latin word for “caring,” nimphe means to “nurture,” and succurus means “relief.” PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 127 OBJ: Explain the forces that affect the role of American nurses. TOP: Nursing history MSC: NCLEX®: Not applicable The nursing student has an adequate grasp of nursing history when stating that after the fall of the Roman Empire, the knowledge of health practice was primarily preserved by English monks in cloistered buildings. Jewish physicians who could translate into Latin. Roman priests who practiced medicine. Fortuna, who practiced midwifery. ANS: B Any medical and health care knowledge that survived the dark period of history was preserved primarily by the Jewish physicians who translated the Greek and Roman works. English monks, Roman priests, and Fortuna did not assist in the preservation of health practice knowledge after the fall of the Roman Empire. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 127 OBJ: Explain the early European contributions to nursing. TOP: Nursing history MSC: NCLEX®: Not applicable Which of the following is true of early Christian deaconesses and how they became responsible for caring for poor and ill people? The deacons relinquished this work to women (specifically, widows and virgins). The early church valued women. No one else would care for poor and ill people. The deaconesses had formal training to do the work. ANS: A Originally, the deacons of the early Christian church cared for poor and the ill people, but they turned these duties over to widows and virgins, who were considered to be pure of heart. The early church did not value women. Formal training did not occur until much later in history.