HPI4002: Innovation and Quality Management of
Health Services
Summary of the module
Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML)
MSc Healthcare Policy, Innovation and Management
,Table of Contents
1. Innovations................................................................................................................................................ 3
1.1 Schumpeterian trilogy....................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Technologies and innovation..........................................................................................................................5
1.3 Types of innovation.........................................................................................................................................8
1.4 Challenges of innovations.............................................................................................................................16
1.5 Challenges in healthcare..............................................................................................................................17
1.6 Challenges of innovation in healthcare........................................................................................................18
1.7 Differences between innovations in healthcare and innovations in other sectors.......................................23
2. Managing innovations in healthcare......................................................................................................... 26
2.1 Phases of innovation.....................................................................................................................................26
2.2 Functions involved in the innovation process...............................................................................................27
2.3 Role of the manager in innovation management........................................................................................28
2.4 Theories and approaches in innovation management.................................................................................29
2.5 Management on the development of new drugs, medical devices and services.........................................34
3. Quality management in healthcare........................................................................................................... 40
3.1 Defining quality of care................................................................................................................................40
3.2 Different levels of quality of care..................................................................................................................44
3.3 Quality management....................................................................................................................................46
3.4 Different approaches to quality management.............................................................................................47
3.5 Assessing and monitoring quality of care.....................................................................................................50
4. Patient safety........................................................................................................................................... 54
4.1 Strategies to improve patient safety............................................................................................................55
4.2 Assessing incidents and safety in healthcare...............................................................................................57
4.3 Adverse events and medical errors...............................................................................................................61
4.4 Approaches and theories underlying patient safety.....................................................................................63
5. The patient as a partner........................................................................................................................... 67
5.1 Patient involvement in quality improvement...............................................................................................67
5.2 Shared Decision Making...............................................................................................................................69
5.3 Personalized healthcare...............................................................................................................................71
5.4 Patient satisfaction.......................................................................................................................................75
6. Chronic care management........................................................................................................................ 79
6.1 Chronic conditions........................................................................................................................................79
6.2 Challenges in chronic care............................................................................................................................81
6.3 Impact of chronic disease to patients and the healthcare system...............................................................82
1
, 6.4 Models to meet needs of chronically ill patients..........................................................................................84
6.4.1 Chronic Care Model (CCM)...................................................................................................................85
6.4.2 Disease management...........................................................................................................................87
6.4.3 Integrated care.....................................................................................................................................87
6.4.4 Triple aim..............................................................................................................................................88
6.4.5 Population health management...........................................................................................................90
6.4.6 Ten building blocks...............................................................................................................................91
2
, 1. Innovations
What is an innovation?
Many different definitions of innovation exist. Key points in these definitions are:
- New ideas
A new (or improved) product, process or service, or a whole new business or business model.
- Exploitation
The idea must be implementable and potentially value generating.
- Successful
The innovation is adopted by the target audience.
- New
This is a relative term; it can mean “new to the world”, “new to the market”, or “new to the
organisation”.
Definition of an innovation according to Barlow (2017):
- Innovation can refer to an outcome and it can refer to the process by which these outcomes
are developed.
- Healthcare innovation is about how you create, implement, embed and sustain innovations
in healthcare systems.
Innovation as a double edged sword
- On the one hand, innovations improve health performances and quality of care;
- On the other hand, innovations tend to increase healthcare costs.
Innovations have two dimensions
- A creative dimension
Often described as “the invention”
- A commercial or practical dimension
Involves the exploitation of the invention
Only when both these dimension are effectively managed does one have an innovation.
Often, many ideas fail to make it beyond the invention stage; the pathways to adoption can be
long and hard.
3
Health Services
Summary of the module
Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML)
MSc Healthcare Policy, Innovation and Management
,Table of Contents
1. Innovations................................................................................................................................................ 3
1.1 Schumpeterian trilogy....................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Technologies and innovation..........................................................................................................................5
1.3 Types of innovation.........................................................................................................................................8
1.4 Challenges of innovations.............................................................................................................................16
1.5 Challenges in healthcare..............................................................................................................................17
1.6 Challenges of innovation in healthcare........................................................................................................18
1.7 Differences between innovations in healthcare and innovations in other sectors.......................................23
2. Managing innovations in healthcare......................................................................................................... 26
2.1 Phases of innovation.....................................................................................................................................26
2.2 Functions involved in the innovation process...............................................................................................27
2.3 Role of the manager in innovation management........................................................................................28
2.4 Theories and approaches in innovation management.................................................................................29
2.5 Management on the development of new drugs, medical devices and services.........................................34
3. Quality management in healthcare........................................................................................................... 40
3.1 Defining quality of care................................................................................................................................40
3.2 Different levels of quality of care..................................................................................................................44
3.3 Quality management....................................................................................................................................46
3.4 Different approaches to quality management.............................................................................................47
3.5 Assessing and monitoring quality of care.....................................................................................................50
4. Patient safety........................................................................................................................................... 54
4.1 Strategies to improve patient safety............................................................................................................55
4.2 Assessing incidents and safety in healthcare...............................................................................................57
4.3 Adverse events and medical errors...............................................................................................................61
4.4 Approaches and theories underlying patient safety.....................................................................................63
5. The patient as a partner........................................................................................................................... 67
5.1 Patient involvement in quality improvement...............................................................................................67
5.2 Shared Decision Making...............................................................................................................................69
5.3 Personalized healthcare...............................................................................................................................71
5.4 Patient satisfaction.......................................................................................................................................75
6. Chronic care management........................................................................................................................ 79
6.1 Chronic conditions........................................................................................................................................79
6.2 Challenges in chronic care............................................................................................................................81
6.3 Impact of chronic disease to patients and the healthcare system...............................................................82
1
, 6.4 Models to meet needs of chronically ill patients..........................................................................................84
6.4.1 Chronic Care Model (CCM)...................................................................................................................85
6.4.2 Disease management...........................................................................................................................87
6.4.3 Integrated care.....................................................................................................................................87
6.4.4 Triple aim..............................................................................................................................................88
6.4.5 Population health management...........................................................................................................90
6.4.6 Ten building blocks...............................................................................................................................91
2
, 1. Innovations
What is an innovation?
Many different definitions of innovation exist. Key points in these definitions are:
- New ideas
A new (or improved) product, process or service, or a whole new business or business model.
- Exploitation
The idea must be implementable and potentially value generating.
- Successful
The innovation is adopted by the target audience.
- New
This is a relative term; it can mean “new to the world”, “new to the market”, or “new to the
organisation”.
Definition of an innovation according to Barlow (2017):
- Innovation can refer to an outcome and it can refer to the process by which these outcomes
are developed.
- Healthcare innovation is about how you create, implement, embed and sustain innovations
in healthcare systems.
Innovation as a double edged sword
- On the one hand, innovations improve health performances and quality of care;
- On the other hand, innovations tend to increase healthcare costs.
Innovations have two dimensions
- A creative dimension
Often described as “the invention”
- A commercial or practical dimension
Involves the exploitation of the invention
Only when both these dimension are effectively managed does one have an innovation.
Often, many ideas fail to make it beyond the invention stage; the pathways to adoption can be
long and hard.
3
