GGH1501 Exam Prep

GGH1501 Semester 1 NOTES – Created by Richelle Lambert UNIT 1: Explain the following defniiono: *Geography – Study of interactons of the physical and human phenomena. - Involves the exploraton and descripton of the world we live in. - It’s also about the interactons among places that forms paterns and organize space. * Physical Geography – the study of characteristcs of a physical environment. - Such as climate, soil and vegetaton *Human Geography – the study of human groups and their actvites - study as language and buildings * Cultural Geography – the subfeld of human geography - Focus on the role of human actvites and cultures * Regional / Special Geography – analyze places in terms of local populaton, customs and politcal regions. Geographical Phenomenon: (What io a geographical Phenomenon)  Temporal component – the phenomena are not statc and it changes over tme.  Spatal component – can be linkeed to a specifc locaton  Thematc component – measurable characteristcs or propertes likee what is its name? How big is it? There are Geographical phenomena:  Such as a crime scene in a city over 5 years  Place exhibitng art Explain the diotribuion of a phenomenon:  Describing where individual element are located can be random or scatered. Contemporary geographero employ 3 analythical methodo: 1. Area analysis – it intergaretes the geographic features of an area or place. - it shows that each place occupies a unique locaton - possesses a unique combinaton of human behaviour and environmental processes (Site, situaton and region) 2. Spatal analysis – called locaton analysis - emphasizes the interactons among places - looke for paterns in the distributon of human actvites - Characteristcs likee distributon, density, patern, movement , distance and difusion. 3. Geographic systems – understanding of the physical and human systems and the interactons amongs them. (Atmosphere the hydrosphere, listhosphere and biosphere) Baoic defniiono of concepto: Absolute locaton – the locaton of a place as pinpointed in terms of the global geographic grid. Relatve locaton – the locaton reference to another place - Describes the accessibility such as (nearer or further) - It is constantly changing - Also change if the trerritorial site of an actvity’s organizaton change. - Afects the interacton between places and the accessibility of a specifc place. - Example Cape Town is located 2kem north of the CBD area. Situaton - locaton of a place relatve to other places - Knowledge of the place’s situaton that helps us understand how it interacts with rest of the world. Space – refers to the distributon of features - 3 main propertes of distributon across space namely density, concentraton and patern. S - The study-notes marketplace Downloaded by: emmaameliakaipotgieter | Distribution of this document is illegal S - The study-notes marketplace GGH1501 Semester 1 NOTES – Created by Richelle Lambert Scale – a quanttatve statement of the relatve sizes of an object on a map and in reality. (aap scale, writen scale and graphical scale. Can be expressed in one of 3 ways. Connectedness – connectons between places results in spatal interacton - Places are connected through a networke Characterioico of Map projeeciono: Projectons – second fundamental characteristc of maps - Governs the way we show informaton and shows locatons on a fat map - Process of projectng the globe onto the map introduces distorton. Projectons must distort either – size as distance or shape orientaton or both. Conformal aaps – maps that distort size but preserve shape - aeractor projecton showing the lattude and longitude Equal- area aaps – preserve size but distort shape. Geographic grid used to describe the absolute locaton. Done with reference where the Greenwich aeridian and the Equator intersect. Purpooe of geographic grid  The geographic grid is a system designed to pinpoint any locaton on Earth by laying a vertcal and horizontal grid over the Earth's layout. Different characterioico of laitude and longitude  Lattude: run east-west, run parallel, numbered from equator (0 degrees)  Longitude: runs north-south, not parallel, all lines meet at North and South pole, separted by distances Concept of a region: - Areas defned by 1 or more distnctve characteristcs or a unique combinaton of features. - Such as climate and soil type - Language or economic actvity