Lungs Physiology important questions
The lungs are the foundational organs of the respiratory system, whose most
basic function is to facilitate gas exchange from the environment into the
bloodstream. Oxygen gets transported through the alveoli into the capillary
network, where it can enter the arterial system, ultimately to perfuse tissue.
For your test preparation you should atleast know all these things...
1-Non respiratory function
Olfaction ( sense of Smell in nose)
Vocalization ( voice box larynx)
Dust prevention ( nostrils, nose hair, mucus membrane, protective reflex)
Maintain water balance ( vaporization)
Regulate body temperature ( heat exchange)
Defense mechanism ( reflexes, leucocyte,macrophages, mast cell, natural killer cell,
dendritic cell)
Regulation of acid base balance ( CO2 and He ions)
Anticoagulant function ( clotting factors Heparin)
Secretion of angiotensin converting enzyme ( angiotensin enzyme)
Synthesis of hormonal substances ( serotonin, Acetylcholine, prostaglandin)
2- Mechanism of Respiration
Inspiration ( taking in air to get oxygen, thorax move up and forward, diaphragm flatten,
external intercostal muscles, diaphragm)
Expiration ( giving out air to rid of carbon dioxide, internal Intercostal muscles, abdominal
muscles)
3- Pump handle movement
1st rib move up and forward allowing 2nd to 6th rib to move forward, anteroposterior
diameter of thorax increase
4- Bucket handle movement
Allowing 7th to 10th ribs to move upward and outward. Transverse diameter of thorax
increase
The lungs are the foundational organs of the respiratory system, whose most
basic function is to facilitate gas exchange from the environment into the
bloodstream. Oxygen gets transported through the alveoli into the capillary
network, where it can enter the arterial system, ultimately to perfuse tissue.
For your test preparation you should atleast know all these things...
1-Non respiratory function
Olfaction ( sense of Smell in nose)
Vocalization ( voice box larynx)
Dust prevention ( nostrils, nose hair, mucus membrane, protective reflex)
Maintain water balance ( vaporization)
Regulate body temperature ( heat exchange)
Defense mechanism ( reflexes, leucocyte,macrophages, mast cell, natural killer cell,
dendritic cell)
Regulation of acid base balance ( CO2 and He ions)
Anticoagulant function ( clotting factors Heparin)
Secretion of angiotensin converting enzyme ( angiotensin enzyme)
Synthesis of hormonal substances ( serotonin, Acetylcholine, prostaglandin)
2- Mechanism of Respiration
Inspiration ( taking in air to get oxygen, thorax move up and forward, diaphragm flatten,
external intercostal muscles, diaphragm)
Expiration ( giving out air to rid of carbon dioxide, internal Intercostal muscles, abdominal
muscles)
3- Pump handle movement
1st rib move up and forward allowing 2nd to 6th rib to move forward, anteroposterior
diameter of thorax increase
4- Bucket handle movement
Allowing 7th to 10th ribs to move upward and outward. Transverse diameter of thorax
increase
