Abuse & Neglect
Mental Health "Psychiatric Care"
Elder
Elder neglect is a form of abuse that happens when the caregiver fails to provide for the needs of the elderly client
either emotionally, physically, or socially.
Key signs Caregiver Role Strain (CRS) HESI Question
Poor eye contact NCLEX TIP
Assess stressors & A 79-year old … weighs 93 lbs,
“Client breaks eye contact when NCLEX TIP and is wearing old, dirty clothes …
talking with a caregiver” Unmet needs
diagnosed with pneumonia.
Broken assistive devices Ask about the nature & requirements Which comment by this patient
Glasses, hearing aids of providing daily care suggests a significant risk for
Expired medication abuse?
Physical KEY WORD
Our family is poor, so my daughter
Weight loss, dehydration & malnutrition What is the nature & requirements
gets my monthly retirement and
Pressure ulcers
of providing daily care? Social Security checks
Poor Hygiene: orally, soiled clothing
Intimate Partner Violence
Intimate partner violence is domestic violence or abusive behavior inflicted by one partner against the other
- be it physically, emotionally, verbally, sexually, or economically.
HESI Question
HESI Question The clinic nurse notes bruises in various
Abusive partner: extreme jealousy & ... expect the abuse to worsen?
stages of healing... What questions must the
nurse include?
possessiveness NCLEX TIP When the victim moves toward Select all that apply.
Is anyone hurting you?
Abuse gets more intense during pregnancy independence from the abuser
When you and your spouse disagree, what
happens to you?
Victim stays: Financial, Fear of harm, Has your spouse ever threatened you
Please,
Child custody, Religion, etc., i need help!
verbally or with violence?
ATI Question
Interventions Which of the following ... should the nurse
implement … client in a domestic violence
Priority Action: situation?
Select all that apply.
Have partner leave the room to speak with Assure the victim that he/she is not alone
Preserve any physical evidence, if applicable
& examine client in private
Convey an attitude of concern and respect
for the client
Treatment HESI Question
Victim … injuries associated with intimate partner violence.
The patient plans to return home. Which action by
Affirm that the patient did not HESI the nurse has priority? Local shelter
deserve or cause the abuse Provide the patient with contact information
for the local shelter.
Developing a plan to assure safety: Local shelter
ATI Question
Psychotherapy (Talk Therapy)
… coping strategies … clients who are
Identity triggers experiencing intimate partner violence...under-
standing of the teaching?
Recognize destructive patterns of behavior &
“I should try to identify issues that increased my
learn alternative responses partner’s stress level.”
, ADD/ADHD
Mental Health "Psychiatric Care"
Pathophysiology Management
ADD - Attention Deficit Disorder Give a written schedule
ADHD - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder of daily activities NCLEX TIP M T W TH F SA S
Aggressive behavior:
The brain has low levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine &
distract the child & ask
norepinephrine which help the brain focus on reward vs. risk and
them to blow up a balloon
control impulsivity & mood, making client with ADHD more likely
to have anxiety & substance abuse problems. Increased risk for injury
Always think calm with ADHD ATI Question
9 year old hospitalized
client on bedrest who has
attention deficit disorder…
Which of the following
should the nurse prioritize?
Dopamine Norepinephrine
● Provide the child with
a daily schedule that
is typed or written
Signs & Symptoms
HESI Question
A nursing diagnosis that should be
considered for a child with attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder is
1. Hyperactivity “restless”
● Risk for injury
2. Inattention “reduced ability to focus”
ATI Question
3. Impulsiveness “excessive talking”
… new diagnosis of ADHD… which
4. Low self-esteem & impaired social of the following statements should
the nurse include in the teaching?
skills NCLEX TIP ● Your child is at an
increased risk for injury
Communication ATI Question
6 year old client with … ADHD. What
techniques should the nurse use to
communicate most effectively with the client
when asking the client to complete a task?
Select all that apply.
1. Eye contact first (before speaking) ● Obtain eye contact before speaking
● Use simple language
2. Simple language ● Have him repeat what was said
● Praise him if he completes a task
3. Child repeats back what was said
Kaplan Question
4. Offer praise upon task completion ... child with attention deficit disorder. Which
statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
● “Hug your child after a task is completely
performed.”
Causes & Risk Factors
Classroom Strategies
• Head trauma: TBI (traumatic brain injury)
ATI Question
Children who have had a serious head injury are more
… classroom strategies for
likely to develop ADHD later on in age. children who have ADHD. Which
of the following information
should the nurse plan to discuss
with the teachers?
ATI Question Select all that apply.
CLASSROOM
RULES
● Allow for regular breaks
Risk factors of ADHD… ● Combine verbal instruction
Which of the following with visual cues
should the nurse include ● Establish consistent
in the teaching? classroom rules
● History of head trauma ● Decrease the amount of
homework assigned
, Alcohol & Drug Abuse
Mental Health "Psychiatric Care"
6 Key Definitions
1. Tolerance: decreased response Enabling & Codependence ATI
to a drug / alcohol …client who abuses alcohol & illicit drugs...
spouse tells the nurse: “have lied to his
2. Withdrawal: symptoms that 3 NCLEX TIPS boss, his children, and his friends and I just
don’t think I can do this anymore.” Which of
develop after abruptly stopping
drugs / alcohol
“It is my fault that my spouse the following best describes this behavior?
Enabling
drinks so much”
3. Dependance: the body’s physical
addiction to a drug / alcohol “I will take care of the children HESI
4. Relapse: the recurrence of drug/ so that my spouse can drink” Patient with chronic pain... A regular dose
alcohol use after remission “I have lied to my spouse’s boss of analgesic medication is ineffective in
reducing the patient’s pain?
5. Denial & projection about why he missed work” The patient is showing signs of tolerance
6. Enabling & codependence
Cocaine & Meth. Or Methamphetamines
Cocaine
NORMAL
are both stimulants that act on the brain
HIGH
LOW
Methamphetamines to increase the heart rate & blood pressure.
HESI HESI
Symptoms Q1: ... significant dental problems. The A nurse is learning how to manage patients
with substance abuse disorders. Which step
nurse expects that this patient abuses
should the nurse apply as a first-line
which substance?
Meth = dental problems Methamphetamines
intervention in such cases?
Providing safety and sleep
Q2: The nurse finds that a patient who is a
Cocaine = nasal damage drug addict has nasal damage. Which
substance does the nurse suspect? KAPLAN
Cocaine The client is agitated and fights against the
Nursing Interventions nurse ... positive for cocaine... priority
intervention?
Provide a calm atmosphere and monitor
respiratory and cardiac status
1st
Opioids HESI
Which vital sign would be most concerning
to the nurse?
Signs & Symptoms
aaa...
bbb...
ooo... Respirations 10 breaths/min
Slurred incoherent speech
KAPLAN
aaa...
Decreased respiratory rate A client uses heroin several times a day. bbb...
(norm: 12 - 20) Which signs and symptoms does the nurse ooo...
expect to observe? Select all that apply.
Narrowed “constricted” pupils Constricted pupils
Depressed respirations
Sedation & coma
Drowsiness or sedation
Slurred incoherent speech
Opioids Withdrawal ATI
Treatment for opioid dependence... which of
the following medications is used for
Signs & Symptoms Treatment treatment of opiate withdrawal?
Select all that apply
Naltrexone = Prevents relapse
Runny nose Clonidine
Opioid by reducing cravings
Methadone
Diaphoresis (sweating)
STOP Clonidine = Lowers BP
HESI
Insomnia
Methadone = Low dose opioid ... teaching a patient with a new prescription
Dilated pupils (wean off addiction) NCLEX TIP for naltrexone?
It helps prevent relapse by reducing your
drug cravings
Mental Health "Psychiatric Care"
Elder
Elder neglect is a form of abuse that happens when the caregiver fails to provide for the needs of the elderly client
either emotionally, physically, or socially.
Key signs Caregiver Role Strain (CRS) HESI Question
Poor eye contact NCLEX TIP
Assess stressors & A 79-year old … weighs 93 lbs,
“Client breaks eye contact when NCLEX TIP and is wearing old, dirty clothes …
talking with a caregiver” Unmet needs
diagnosed with pneumonia.
Broken assistive devices Ask about the nature & requirements Which comment by this patient
Glasses, hearing aids of providing daily care suggests a significant risk for
Expired medication abuse?
Physical KEY WORD
Our family is poor, so my daughter
Weight loss, dehydration & malnutrition What is the nature & requirements
gets my monthly retirement and
Pressure ulcers
of providing daily care? Social Security checks
Poor Hygiene: orally, soiled clothing
Intimate Partner Violence
Intimate partner violence is domestic violence or abusive behavior inflicted by one partner against the other
- be it physically, emotionally, verbally, sexually, or economically.
HESI Question
HESI Question The clinic nurse notes bruises in various
Abusive partner: extreme jealousy & ... expect the abuse to worsen?
stages of healing... What questions must the
nurse include?
possessiveness NCLEX TIP When the victim moves toward Select all that apply.
Is anyone hurting you?
Abuse gets more intense during pregnancy independence from the abuser
When you and your spouse disagree, what
happens to you?
Victim stays: Financial, Fear of harm, Has your spouse ever threatened you
Please,
Child custody, Religion, etc., i need help!
verbally or with violence?
ATI Question
Interventions Which of the following ... should the nurse
implement … client in a domestic violence
Priority Action: situation?
Select all that apply.
Have partner leave the room to speak with Assure the victim that he/she is not alone
Preserve any physical evidence, if applicable
& examine client in private
Convey an attitude of concern and respect
for the client
Treatment HESI Question
Victim … injuries associated with intimate partner violence.
The patient plans to return home. Which action by
Affirm that the patient did not HESI the nurse has priority? Local shelter
deserve or cause the abuse Provide the patient with contact information
for the local shelter.
Developing a plan to assure safety: Local shelter
ATI Question
Psychotherapy (Talk Therapy)
… coping strategies … clients who are
Identity triggers experiencing intimate partner violence...under-
standing of the teaching?
Recognize destructive patterns of behavior &
“I should try to identify issues that increased my
learn alternative responses partner’s stress level.”
, ADD/ADHD
Mental Health "Psychiatric Care"
Pathophysiology Management
ADD - Attention Deficit Disorder Give a written schedule
ADHD - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder of daily activities NCLEX TIP M T W TH F SA S
Aggressive behavior:
The brain has low levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine &
distract the child & ask
norepinephrine which help the brain focus on reward vs. risk and
them to blow up a balloon
control impulsivity & mood, making client with ADHD more likely
to have anxiety & substance abuse problems. Increased risk for injury
Always think calm with ADHD ATI Question
9 year old hospitalized
client on bedrest who has
attention deficit disorder…
Which of the following
should the nurse prioritize?
Dopamine Norepinephrine
● Provide the child with
a daily schedule that
is typed or written
Signs & Symptoms
HESI Question
A nursing diagnosis that should be
considered for a child with attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder is
1. Hyperactivity “restless”
● Risk for injury
2. Inattention “reduced ability to focus”
ATI Question
3. Impulsiveness “excessive talking”
… new diagnosis of ADHD… which
4. Low self-esteem & impaired social of the following statements should
the nurse include in the teaching?
skills NCLEX TIP ● Your child is at an
increased risk for injury
Communication ATI Question
6 year old client with … ADHD. What
techniques should the nurse use to
communicate most effectively with the client
when asking the client to complete a task?
Select all that apply.
1. Eye contact first (before speaking) ● Obtain eye contact before speaking
● Use simple language
2. Simple language ● Have him repeat what was said
● Praise him if he completes a task
3. Child repeats back what was said
Kaplan Question
4. Offer praise upon task completion ... child with attention deficit disorder. Which
statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
● “Hug your child after a task is completely
performed.”
Causes & Risk Factors
Classroom Strategies
• Head trauma: TBI (traumatic brain injury)
ATI Question
Children who have had a serious head injury are more
… classroom strategies for
likely to develop ADHD later on in age. children who have ADHD. Which
of the following information
should the nurse plan to discuss
with the teachers?
ATI Question Select all that apply.
CLASSROOM
RULES
● Allow for regular breaks
Risk factors of ADHD… ● Combine verbal instruction
Which of the following with visual cues
should the nurse include ● Establish consistent
in the teaching? classroom rules
● History of head trauma ● Decrease the amount of
homework assigned
, Alcohol & Drug Abuse
Mental Health "Psychiatric Care"
6 Key Definitions
1. Tolerance: decreased response Enabling & Codependence ATI
to a drug / alcohol …client who abuses alcohol & illicit drugs...
spouse tells the nurse: “have lied to his
2. Withdrawal: symptoms that 3 NCLEX TIPS boss, his children, and his friends and I just
don’t think I can do this anymore.” Which of
develop after abruptly stopping
drugs / alcohol
“It is my fault that my spouse the following best describes this behavior?
Enabling
drinks so much”
3. Dependance: the body’s physical
addiction to a drug / alcohol “I will take care of the children HESI
4. Relapse: the recurrence of drug/ so that my spouse can drink” Patient with chronic pain... A regular dose
alcohol use after remission “I have lied to my spouse’s boss of analgesic medication is ineffective in
reducing the patient’s pain?
5. Denial & projection about why he missed work” The patient is showing signs of tolerance
6. Enabling & codependence
Cocaine & Meth. Or Methamphetamines
Cocaine
NORMAL
are both stimulants that act on the brain
HIGH
LOW
Methamphetamines to increase the heart rate & blood pressure.
HESI HESI
Symptoms Q1: ... significant dental problems. The A nurse is learning how to manage patients
with substance abuse disorders. Which step
nurse expects that this patient abuses
should the nurse apply as a first-line
which substance?
Meth = dental problems Methamphetamines
intervention in such cases?
Providing safety and sleep
Q2: The nurse finds that a patient who is a
Cocaine = nasal damage drug addict has nasal damage. Which
substance does the nurse suspect? KAPLAN
Cocaine The client is agitated and fights against the
Nursing Interventions nurse ... positive for cocaine... priority
intervention?
Provide a calm atmosphere and monitor
respiratory and cardiac status
1st
Opioids HESI
Which vital sign would be most concerning
to the nurse?
Signs & Symptoms
aaa...
bbb...
ooo... Respirations 10 breaths/min
Slurred incoherent speech
KAPLAN
aaa...
Decreased respiratory rate A client uses heroin several times a day. bbb...
(norm: 12 - 20) Which signs and symptoms does the nurse ooo...
expect to observe? Select all that apply.
Narrowed “constricted” pupils Constricted pupils
Depressed respirations
Sedation & coma
Drowsiness or sedation
Slurred incoherent speech
Opioids Withdrawal ATI
Treatment for opioid dependence... which of
the following medications is used for
Signs & Symptoms Treatment treatment of opiate withdrawal?
Select all that apply
Naltrexone = Prevents relapse
Runny nose Clonidine
Opioid by reducing cravings
Methadone
Diaphoresis (sweating)
STOP Clonidine = Lowers BP
HESI
Insomnia
Methadone = Low dose opioid ... teaching a patient with a new prescription
Dilated pupils (wean off addiction) NCLEX TIP for naltrexone?
It helps prevent relapse by reducing your
drug cravings
