NUR 2755 Multidimensional Care IV. Test 1 Study Guide Review. Latest 2021/22

NUR 2755 Multidimensional Care IV. Test 1 Study Guide Review. Latest 2021/22. Dementia types - over 200, most common are Alzheimer's and vascular Dementia progression - memory/ability to learn new info language, judgement and behavior affected functions decrease Dementia microscopic changes - Neurofibrillary tangles amyloid plaque vascular degeneration abnormal neurotransmitters Genetic Predisposition for dementia - African American Hispanic greater risk of early APOE Gene Diseases that contribute to dementia - Diabetes stroke atherosclerosis Life hacks to avoid dementia - Diet with enough folate and vitamins B12, C,E Exercise avoid smoking and excessive alcohol Mild Alzheimer’s S&S - Independent ADL's denial forgets name, place of things, memory loss subtle changes in personality social disengagement mild cognition and judgement problems decrease sense of smell Moderate Alzheimer’s S&S - impaired cognitive function money issues disoriented to time, place, event depressed/agitated speech and language deficits less talkative eventually aphasic wandering Severe Alzheimer's - incapacitated, bedridden, loss of mobility and verbal skills, doesn't recognize faces seizures tremor, ataxia Alzheimer's psychosocial assess - grieving process family affected and patient sexual inhibition agitation/aggression delusions/hallucinations Alzheimer's Lab assess - APOE 4-not confirm, but an indicator CT or MRI of brain Alzheimer's behavioral management - cognitive stimuli and memory training structured environment promote continence/communication/sleep validate their reality avoid restraints Alzheimer's complementary therapy - Massage before bed-promote sleep redirect/reduce distraction encourage respite care for families Alzheimer's Medication - Cholinesterase Inhibitors-donepezil, rivastigmine NMDA receptor antagonists-memantine Antidepressants