NR 222 Exam 1 Study Concepts
Chamberlain College of Nursing 2021
Ch1.
6 pioneers of nursing: contribution to nursing field
● Florence Nightingale:
o Sanitation
o Taught hygiene and the transmission of disease.
o Cared for sick and wounded soldiers
o “Lady with the lamp”
● Lillian Wald
o Equal access to healthcare for everyone
o Fought for suffrage and racial integration
● Clara Barton
o No formal nursing education / she was a schoolteacher
o Started the red cross
o Expanded her care from war to natural disasters
o “Angel of the battlefields”
● Mary Mahoney
o First professionally educated African American
o Integration, equal schooling/care for everyone
o Focused on respect for individuals regardless of background, race,
color, religion
● Isabel Hampton Robb
o Helped to establish ANA – American Nurses Association in 1911
● Luther Christman
o Pioneer in male nursing
o Campaigned against military male nurse discrimination
o One of the founders of national male nurses association
o First man inducted into ANA’s hall of fame
Different stages of nursing/Professional Roles: definition & give examples.
● Autonomy: involves the initiation of independent nursing interventions
without medical orders. (as a nurse)
o Patient autonomy- allowing patients to be an active participant in their
care as much as possible.
● Accountability: you’re responsible professionally and legally for the type and
quality of nursing care provided
● Caregiver: you help patients maintain and regain health and find their
maximum level of independent function
● Advocate: As an advocate you protect your patients human and legal rights
and help patients assert those rights when needed.
● Educator: Using teaching methods that match your patients’ capabilities and
needs and incorporate other resources, such as the family, in teaching plans.
o Teaching can be formal or informal, making sure pt. is ready for
education – they’re attentive and ready to listen.
, ● Communicator: Effectiveness as a communicator is central to the
nurse-patient relationship. Routinely communicate with patients and
families, other nurses and health care professionals, resource people and the
community. Communicate with families!!!! Pt. and family much more
satisfied with care when you communicate with them
● Manager: establish an environment for collaborative patient-centered care to
provide safe, quality care with positive patient outcomes.
Benner’s stages of nursing proficiency: look at order and apply to situations/ex
● Novice: new nursing student/switching units. Coming in with no previous
experience
● Advanced beginner: some experience, much observational. Able to identify
meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
● Competent: 2-3 years’ experience – competent provider that can anticipate
nursing care and establish long-range goals.
● Proficient: 3+ years’ experience in the same clinical position – nurse
perceives patient clinical situation as a whole, able to assess the entire
situation and can readily transfer knowledge gained from multiple previous
experiences to situations.
● Expert: Diverse experience in clinical position; able to zero in on problems or
multiple dimensions of a situation
Nurse Practice Acts (NPAs)
● Overseen by state boards of nursing
● Regulate scope of nursing practice
● Protect public health, safety and welfare
● includes shielding the public from unqualified /unsafe nurses
Nursing Definition
● ANA’s definition of nursing: nursing is the protection, promotion, and
optimization of health and abilities; prevention of illness and injury; alleviation
of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response; and
advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations.
Ch6
Health Definition
● A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity (WHO, 1947)
Healthy People 2020 Goals
● Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury,
and premature death
Chamberlain College of Nursing 2021
Ch1.
6 pioneers of nursing: contribution to nursing field
● Florence Nightingale:
o Sanitation
o Taught hygiene and the transmission of disease.
o Cared for sick and wounded soldiers
o “Lady with the lamp”
● Lillian Wald
o Equal access to healthcare for everyone
o Fought for suffrage and racial integration
● Clara Barton
o No formal nursing education / she was a schoolteacher
o Started the red cross
o Expanded her care from war to natural disasters
o “Angel of the battlefields”
● Mary Mahoney
o First professionally educated African American
o Integration, equal schooling/care for everyone
o Focused on respect for individuals regardless of background, race,
color, religion
● Isabel Hampton Robb
o Helped to establish ANA – American Nurses Association in 1911
● Luther Christman
o Pioneer in male nursing
o Campaigned against military male nurse discrimination
o One of the founders of national male nurses association
o First man inducted into ANA’s hall of fame
Different stages of nursing/Professional Roles: definition & give examples.
● Autonomy: involves the initiation of independent nursing interventions
without medical orders. (as a nurse)
o Patient autonomy- allowing patients to be an active participant in their
care as much as possible.
● Accountability: you’re responsible professionally and legally for the type and
quality of nursing care provided
● Caregiver: you help patients maintain and regain health and find their
maximum level of independent function
● Advocate: As an advocate you protect your patients human and legal rights
and help patients assert those rights when needed.
● Educator: Using teaching methods that match your patients’ capabilities and
needs and incorporate other resources, such as the family, in teaching plans.
o Teaching can be formal or informal, making sure pt. is ready for
education – they’re attentive and ready to listen.
, ● Communicator: Effectiveness as a communicator is central to the
nurse-patient relationship. Routinely communicate with patients and
families, other nurses and health care professionals, resource people and the
community. Communicate with families!!!! Pt. and family much more
satisfied with care when you communicate with them
● Manager: establish an environment for collaborative patient-centered care to
provide safe, quality care with positive patient outcomes.
Benner’s stages of nursing proficiency: look at order and apply to situations/ex
● Novice: new nursing student/switching units. Coming in with no previous
experience
● Advanced beginner: some experience, much observational. Able to identify
meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
● Competent: 2-3 years’ experience – competent provider that can anticipate
nursing care and establish long-range goals.
● Proficient: 3+ years’ experience in the same clinical position – nurse
perceives patient clinical situation as a whole, able to assess the entire
situation and can readily transfer knowledge gained from multiple previous
experiences to situations.
● Expert: Diverse experience in clinical position; able to zero in on problems or
multiple dimensions of a situation
Nurse Practice Acts (NPAs)
● Overseen by state boards of nursing
● Regulate scope of nursing practice
● Protect public health, safety and welfare
● includes shielding the public from unqualified /unsafe nurses
Nursing Definition
● ANA’s definition of nursing: nursing is the protection, promotion, and
optimization of health and abilities; prevention of illness and injury; alleviation
of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response; and
advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations.
Ch6
Health Definition
● A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity (WHO, 1947)
Healthy People 2020 Goals
● Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury,
and premature death
