Exam (elaborations) NR 222 Exam 1 Study Concepts Chamberlain College of Nursing 2021

6 pioneers of nursing: contribution to nursing field ● Florence Nightingale: o Sanitation o Taught hygiene and the transmission of disease. o Cared for sick and wounded soldiers o “Lady with the lamp” ● Lillian Wald o Equal access to healthcare for everyone o Fought for suffrage and racial integration ● Clara Barton o No formal nursing education / she was a schoolteacher o Started the red cross o Expanded her care from war to natural disasters o “Angel of the battlefields” ● Mary Mahoney o First professionally educated African American o Integration, equal schooling/care for everyone o Focused on respect for individuals regardless of background, race, color, religion ● Isabel Hampton Robb o Helped to establish ANA – American Nurses Association in 1911 ● Luther Christman o Pioneer in male nursing o Campaigned against military male nurse discrimination o One of the founders of national male nurses association o First man inducted into ANA’s hall of fame Different stages of nursing/Professional Roles: definition & give examples. ● Autonomy : involves the initiation of independent nursing interventions without medical orders. (as a nurse) o Patient autonomy- allowing patients to be an active participant in their care as much as possible. ● Accountability : you’re responsible professionally and legally for the type and quality of nursing care provided ● Caregiver : you help patients maintain and regain health and find their maximum level of independent function ● Advocate : As an advocate you protect your patients human and legal rights and help patients assert those rights when needed. ● Educator : Using teaching methods that match your patients’ capabilities and needs and incorporate other resources, such as the family, in teaching plans. o Teaching can be formal or informal, making sure pt. is ready for education – they’re attentive and ready to listen.