PAPER
"History Thought Of Islamic Economic"
1 Islamic Economy at the Time of the Prophet
When the emergence of Islam, the Prophet Muhammad was appointed as the
Messenger of Allah this is a new history in human civilization. Rasulullah saw. only a
religious leader in Mecca. When Rasulullah saw. moving to Medina the situation there is
still very chaotic. Maybe Allah swt. presenting the Prophet Muhammad. because he saw
his condition like this. The people of Medina did not yet have a sovereign leader or king.
Only the tribal chief controls the area. The most famous tribes at that time were the Aus
and Khazraj tribes. The city of Medina also lacked law and power. Many tribal groups are
still fighting. At that time, the richest and most powerful group were Jews, but their
economy still depended on agriculture. The development of Islamic economic thought
itself is marked by the emergence of verses of the Koran regarding economics.
Almost all the inhabitants of the city of Medina accepted the Prophet Muhammad
to lead in Medina, including the Jews. Under his leadership, Medina developed rapidly
and became a very large country in ten years compared to other areas of the Arabian
Peninsula.
Islamic economic thought begins with the Prophet Muhammad. sent by Allah
SWT. He issued policies on various matters relating to social issues, law (Fiqh), politics
(Siyasa), and commercial or economic issues (Muamalah). Rasulullah SAW. said that
"poverty causes people to become disbelievers". Therefore, this effort to reduce poverty is
a social basis carried out by the Prophet Muhammad.
At this time, the Prophet Muhammad. has taken steps such as building mosques,
empowering emigrants, making state constitutions, and
laying the foundations of the state financial system in accordance with the provisions of
the Qur'an. At this time, property that is a source of state income (bayt al-mal) is stored in
the mosque for a short time and will be distributed to the community until there is nothing
left.
, A. The basic principles of Islamic economics are explained in the Qur'an as follows: 1) Allah
SWT is the supreme ruler of the entire universe. 2) Humans are only creatures of the earth
who were sent down by Allah SWT, not the actual owner.
3) Everything that is owned by humans is due to the grace given by Allah
SWT. 4) Economic exploitation in the form of usury must be eliminated.
5) Implement the inheritance system as a medium for retribution for wealth so that there is
no conflict between each individual.
6) Establish various forms of alms.
B. Fiscal policies at the time of the Prophet Muhammad include:
1) The Prophet Muhammad brought the Muhajirin to the Ansar. 2) The Prophet urges the
Ansar to open up jobs for the Muhajirin.
3) Tax policy on traders from outside Medina to stabilize prices and reduce inflation.
4) Effective and efficient State Budget arrangement, so that budget deficits are rare. 5)
Rasulullah SAW also implemented an incentive policy to maintain expenditure and
increase work participation and production of the Muslims.
C. At the time of the Messenger of Allah, zakat could be obtained from:
a. Metal objects of gold
b. Metal objects of silver
c. Farm animals
d. merchandise
e. Agricultural products
f. Assets left at home (Luqathah)
g. Findings
2 Islamic Economic Thoughts During the Khulafaur Rasyidin
Period This period of Khulafaurasyidin started from the death of the Prophet Muhammad
SAW until Mu'awiyah bin Abu Sufyan who ruled Islam in 41 H/661 AD. Successors to leaders
after the Prophet Muhammad SAW, including:
A. Islamic economic thought The period of Abu Bakr As-Siddiq
After the Prophet died, the Muslims appointed Abu Bakr to be the first caliph and had
the full name Abdullah bin Abu Quhafah al-Tamimi. Abu Bakr's reign did not last long, only
about two years. In his leadership, Abu Bakr faced many problems in his country with
apostates, false prophets, and dissidents paying zakat. He acted decisively with their group to
fight it or often referred to as the Riddah war.
"History Thought Of Islamic Economic"
1 Islamic Economy at the Time of the Prophet
When the emergence of Islam, the Prophet Muhammad was appointed as the
Messenger of Allah this is a new history in human civilization. Rasulullah saw. only a
religious leader in Mecca. When Rasulullah saw. moving to Medina the situation there is
still very chaotic. Maybe Allah swt. presenting the Prophet Muhammad. because he saw
his condition like this. The people of Medina did not yet have a sovereign leader or king.
Only the tribal chief controls the area. The most famous tribes at that time were the Aus
and Khazraj tribes. The city of Medina also lacked law and power. Many tribal groups are
still fighting. At that time, the richest and most powerful group were Jews, but their
economy still depended on agriculture. The development of Islamic economic thought
itself is marked by the emergence of verses of the Koran regarding economics.
Almost all the inhabitants of the city of Medina accepted the Prophet Muhammad
to lead in Medina, including the Jews. Under his leadership, Medina developed rapidly
and became a very large country in ten years compared to other areas of the Arabian
Peninsula.
Islamic economic thought begins with the Prophet Muhammad. sent by Allah
SWT. He issued policies on various matters relating to social issues, law (Fiqh), politics
(Siyasa), and commercial or economic issues (Muamalah). Rasulullah SAW. said that
"poverty causes people to become disbelievers". Therefore, this effort to reduce poverty is
a social basis carried out by the Prophet Muhammad.
At this time, the Prophet Muhammad. has taken steps such as building mosques,
empowering emigrants, making state constitutions, and
laying the foundations of the state financial system in accordance with the provisions of
the Qur'an. At this time, property that is a source of state income (bayt al-mal) is stored in
the mosque for a short time and will be distributed to the community until there is nothing
left.
, A. The basic principles of Islamic economics are explained in the Qur'an as follows: 1) Allah
SWT is the supreme ruler of the entire universe. 2) Humans are only creatures of the earth
who were sent down by Allah SWT, not the actual owner.
3) Everything that is owned by humans is due to the grace given by Allah
SWT. 4) Economic exploitation in the form of usury must be eliminated.
5) Implement the inheritance system as a medium for retribution for wealth so that there is
no conflict between each individual.
6) Establish various forms of alms.
B. Fiscal policies at the time of the Prophet Muhammad include:
1) The Prophet Muhammad brought the Muhajirin to the Ansar. 2) The Prophet urges the
Ansar to open up jobs for the Muhajirin.
3) Tax policy on traders from outside Medina to stabilize prices and reduce inflation.
4) Effective and efficient State Budget arrangement, so that budget deficits are rare. 5)
Rasulullah SAW also implemented an incentive policy to maintain expenditure and
increase work participation and production of the Muslims.
C. At the time of the Messenger of Allah, zakat could be obtained from:
a. Metal objects of gold
b. Metal objects of silver
c. Farm animals
d. merchandise
e. Agricultural products
f. Assets left at home (Luqathah)
g. Findings
2 Islamic Economic Thoughts During the Khulafaur Rasyidin
Period This period of Khulafaurasyidin started from the death of the Prophet Muhammad
SAW until Mu'awiyah bin Abu Sufyan who ruled Islam in 41 H/661 AD. Successors to leaders
after the Prophet Muhammad SAW, including:
A. Islamic economic thought The period of Abu Bakr As-Siddiq
After the Prophet died, the Muslims appointed Abu Bakr to be the first caliph and had
the full name Abdullah bin Abu Quhafah al-Tamimi. Abu Bakr's reign did not last long, only
about two years. In his leadership, Abu Bakr faced many problems in his country with
apostates, false prophets, and dissidents paying zakat. He acted decisively with their group to
fight it or often referred to as the Riddah war.
