Engine 2&3 - Fuel System Petrol 1
Air cleaner and silencer
Efficient removal of dust particles from the considerable quantities of air flowing into the engine is of vital
importance. Otherwise, their presence would contribute to internal abrasive wear, especially between the working
surfaces of the cylinders, pistons and rings. An intake air filter is therefore mounted either directly on the engine, or
separately in the engine compartment via a flexible connection.
The air cleaner is also required to act as a silencer
for the intake system; that is, it must suppress
engine induction noise to an acceptable low level.
This noise varies from an instance hiss at small
throttle openings to a roar. Although generally this
noise is limited in most vehicles, some sport cars
are designed by the manufacturer to have tuned
intake noise to provide the driver with a more
“sporty” sound enhancing the driving sensation.
Air cleaner types
1. Dry type ( paper filter element)
2. Oil bath type
3. Oil saturated type
Dry type
Most filtering elements used in vehicles are now paper based. This filtering element is composed of a special grade
of paper through which the air passing to the engine is drawn.
1
Eishaka
, Engine 2&3 - Fuel System Petrol 1
Single stage and two stage filtering
Plenum Chamber
Function of the plenum is to equalize pressure for more even distribution, because
of irregular supply or demand. Modern intake manifolds usually employ runners,
individual tubes extending to each intake port on the cylinder head which emanate
from a central volume or "plenum" beneath the carburetor.
Electrical Manifold pre-heating
The most popular electrical heating is the filament glow plug system. An electrical
heaters are simple and easy to apply. Heating intake air con improve engine cranking,
smoothens cold start operation also help to reduce emission (HC) during warm-up.
Intake manifold hot-spot (Pre- heating with exhaust)
To improve vaporization of liquid fuel in the incoming
mixture, the intake manifold used with a carburetor
system is heated either by the exhaust gases or by heat
rejected from the engine coolant. For single-point fuel
injection systems where similar considerations dictate
the need for an intake manifold hot-spot, either
coolant or electrical heating.
Exhaust heating has been applied by exposing the underside of the manifold riser portion to the outgoing exhaust
gases. This form of localized hot-spot is most conveniently arranged with a counter-flow cylinder head, or in other
words where the intake and exhaust manifolds are situated on the same side of the engine. Since the mixture
heating requirements are greatest during engine warm-up and any subsequent overheating of the mixture would
reduce volumetric efficiency, a thermostatic control valve was sometimes employed.
2
Eishaka
Air cleaner and silencer
Efficient removal of dust particles from the considerable quantities of air flowing into the engine is of vital
importance. Otherwise, their presence would contribute to internal abrasive wear, especially between the working
surfaces of the cylinders, pistons and rings. An intake air filter is therefore mounted either directly on the engine, or
separately in the engine compartment via a flexible connection.
The air cleaner is also required to act as a silencer
for the intake system; that is, it must suppress
engine induction noise to an acceptable low level.
This noise varies from an instance hiss at small
throttle openings to a roar. Although generally this
noise is limited in most vehicles, some sport cars
are designed by the manufacturer to have tuned
intake noise to provide the driver with a more
“sporty” sound enhancing the driving sensation.
Air cleaner types
1. Dry type ( paper filter element)
2. Oil bath type
3. Oil saturated type
Dry type
Most filtering elements used in vehicles are now paper based. This filtering element is composed of a special grade
of paper through which the air passing to the engine is drawn.
1
Eishaka
, Engine 2&3 - Fuel System Petrol 1
Single stage and two stage filtering
Plenum Chamber
Function of the plenum is to equalize pressure for more even distribution, because
of irregular supply or demand. Modern intake manifolds usually employ runners,
individual tubes extending to each intake port on the cylinder head which emanate
from a central volume or "plenum" beneath the carburetor.
Electrical Manifold pre-heating
The most popular electrical heating is the filament glow plug system. An electrical
heaters are simple and easy to apply. Heating intake air con improve engine cranking,
smoothens cold start operation also help to reduce emission (HC) during warm-up.
Intake manifold hot-spot (Pre- heating with exhaust)
To improve vaporization of liquid fuel in the incoming
mixture, the intake manifold used with a carburetor
system is heated either by the exhaust gases or by heat
rejected from the engine coolant. For single-point fuel
injection systems where similar considerations dictate
the need for an intake manifold hot-spot, either
coolant or electrical heating.
Exhaust heating has been applied by exposing the underside of the manifold riser portion to the outgoing exhaust
gases. This form of localized hot-spot is most conveniently arranged with a counter-flow cylinder head, or in other
words where the intake and exhaust manifolds are situated on the same side of the engine. Since the mixture
heating requirements are greatest during engine warm-up and any subsequent overheating of the mixture would
reduce volumetric efficiency, a thermostatic control valve was sometimes employed.
2
Eishaka
