CAMPBELL BIOLOGY PG 1001-1244
53) is a medical procedure that prevents oocytes from reaching the uterus.
A) Vasectomy
B) Endometriosis
C) Tubal ligation
D) Coitus interruptus
Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
Section: 46.5
54) A vasectomy .
A) eliminates spermatogenesis
B) eliminates testosterone synthesis
C) prevents implantation of an embryo
D) prevents sperm from entering the male
urethra Answer: D
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
Section: 46.5
55) Once uterine contractions have begun, the female body releases several hormones that act
in a positive feedback loop. The purpose of this feedback loop is .
A) to promote the development of a new follicle
B) to ensure continued contractions until labor is complete
C) inhibit the release of prostaglandins
D) decrease the number of oxytocin receptors in the
uterus Answer: B
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application/Analysis
Section: 46.5
56) A pregnant woman comes into the hospital past her due date. The doctor decides it is
time for the baby to be delivered. Before performing a cesarean section, the doctor wants to
try to induce labor. Which of the following would she most likely inject?
A) progesterone
B) luteinizing hormone (LH)
C) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) oxytocin
Answer: D
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application/Analysis
Section: 46.5
1
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
,CAMPBELL BIOLOGY PG 1001-1244
57) An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants somewhere other than in the
lining of the uterus. Usually it implants in the oviduct. Which of the following would be the
most likely explanation for such a pregnancy being unsuccessful?
A) The orientation of the baby would be sideways.
B) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) cannot be produced in the oviduct.
C) The lining of the oviduct is unable to support the developing fetus.
D) The necessary hormones cannot reach the developing fetus in the
oviduct. Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application/Analysis
Section: 46.5
58) Use the following information to answer the question.
Estrogens found in the environment have raised concerns about effects on reproductive health of
animals. Researchers studied the effects that estrogens in the water have on sexual
differentiation in zebrafish. They exposed embryo-larval (0-21 days post-hatching), juvenile
(21-42 days post- hatching), and adult (over 200 days post-hatching) fish to three concentrations
of 17β-estradiol (5, 25, and 100 nanograms/liter) that are within the range of concentrations
found in water leaving sewage treatment plants in different countries. They then examined the
proportion of males and females when the fish exposed at embryo-larval and juvenile stages
reached adulthood. Embryo-larval stage fish that had been exposed to 100 ng/l 17β-estradiol
resulted in adult populations that had substantially more females than males compared to control
groups.
Embryo-larval fish that had been exposed to 5 and 25 ng/l of 17β-estradiol did not show a
statistically significant shift in the proportion of females. (Brion, F., C. R. Tyler, X. Palazzi, B.
Laillet, J. M. Porcher, J. Garric, and P. Flammarion. 2004. Impacts of 17β-estradiol, including
environmentally relevant concentrations, on reproduction after exposure during embryo-
larval-, juvenile-, and adult-life stages in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Aquatic Toxicology 68:193-
217.)
What is the significance of using the concentrations of 5, 25, and 100 ng/l of 17β-estradiol in
this experiment?
A) These concentrations are similar to those found in many animals.
B) These concentrations are found in the environment.
C) These concentrations are effective, yet not lethal to the fish.
D) These concentrations are standard in toxicology
assays. Answer: B
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application/Analysis
Section: 46.5
2
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
,CAMPBELL BIOLOGY PG 1001-1244
59) Use the following information to answer the question.
Estrogens found in the environment have raised concerns about effects on reproductive health of
animals. Researchers studied the effects that estrogens in the water have on sexual
differentiation in zebrafish. They exposed embryo-larval (0-21 days post-hatching), juvenile
(21-42 days post- hatching), and adult (over 200 days post-hatching) fish to three concentrations
of 17β-estradiol (5, 25, and 100 nanograms/liter) that are within the range of concentrations
found in water leaving sewage treatment plants in different countries. They then examined the
proportion of males and females when the fish exposed at embryo-larval and juvenile stages
reached adulthood. Embryo-larval stage fish that had been exposed to 100 ng/l 17β-estradiol
resulted in adult populations that had substantially more females than males compared to control
groups.
Embryo-larval fish that had been exposed to 5 and 25 ng/l of 17β-estradiol did not show a
statistically significant shift in the proportion of females. (Brion, F., C. R. Tyler, X. Palazzi, B.
Laillet, J. M. Porcher, J. Garric, and P. Flammarion. 2004. Impacts of 17β-estradiol, including
environmentally relevant concentrations, on reproduction after exposure during embryo-
larval-, juvenile-, and adult-life stages in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Aquatic Toxicology 68:193-
217.)
You are assigned to write the report to the Environmental Protection Agency that needs to decide
what level of 17β-estradiol to permit in sewage output. You do not want to make the level any
lower than necessary, because it requires substantial additional money for the extra treatment of
sewage. Given the data presented, what concentration of 17β-estradiol would you suggest is safe
to prevent feminization of fish?
A) 2.5 ng/l
B) 12.5 ng/l
C) 25 ng/l
D) 100 ng/l
Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Synthesis/Evaluation
Section: 46.5
60) Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the absence of a protective
filter blocking the passage of alcohol between the maternal and fetal circulations in humans?
A) There has not been enough time to evolve such a barrier.
B) Such a barrier would probably also block important molecules that need to be passed to
the fetus.
C) The maternal and fetal blood mix directly together in an area with many villi, so a barrier
is impossible.
D) Alcohol has some positive effects on the fetus, so evolution has resulted in an
intermediate level of filtering that blocks all but the worst abuses of alcohol.
Answer: B
Bloom's Taxonomy: Synthesis/Evaluation
Section: 46.5
3
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
, CAMPBELL BIOLOGY PG 1001-1244
46.2 Student Edition End-of-Chapter Questions
1) Which of the following characterizes parthenogenesis?
A) An individual may change its sex during its lifetime.
B) Specialized groups of cells grow into new individuals.
C) An organism is first a male and then a female.
D) An egg develops without being
fertilized. Answer: D
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
2) In male mammals, excretory and reproductive systems share
A) the vas deferens.
B) the urethra.
C) the seminal vesicle.
D) the prostate.
Answer: B
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
3) Which of the following is not properly paired?
A) seminiferous tubule—cervix
B) vas deferens—oviduct
C) testosterone—estradiol
D) scrotum—labia
majora Answer: A
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
4) Peaks of LH and FSH production occur during
A) the menstrual flow phase of the uterine cycle.
B) the beginning of the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle.
C) the period just before ovulation.
D) the secretory phase of the uterine
cycle. Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
5) During human gestation, rudiments of all organs develop
A) in the first trimester.
B) in the second trimester.
C) in the third trimester.
D) during the blastocyst
stage. Answer: A
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
4
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
53) is a medical procedure that prevents oocytes from reaching the uterus.
A) Vasectomy
B) Endometriosis
C) Tubal ligation
D) Coitus interruptus
Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
Section: 46.5
54) A vasectomy .
A) eliminates spermatogenesis
B) eliminates testosterone synthesis
C) prevents implantation of an embryo
D) prevents sperm from entering the male
urethra Answer: D
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
Section: 46.5
55) Once uterine contractions have begun, the female body releases several hormones that act
in a positive feedback loop. The purpose of this feedback loop is .
A) to promote the development of a new follicle
B) to ensure continued contractions until labor is complete
C) inhibit the release of prostaglandins
D) decrease the number of oxytocin receptors in the
uterus Answer: B
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application/Analysis
Section: 46.5
56) A pregnant woman comes into the hospital past her due date. The doctor decides it is
time for the baby to be delivered. Before performing a cesarean section, the doctor wants to
try to induce labor. Which of the following would she most likely inject?
A) progesterone
B) luteinizing hormone (LH)
C) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) oxytocin
Answer: D
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application/Analysis
Section: 46.5
1
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
,CAMPBELL BIOLOGY PG 1001-1244
57) An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants somewhere other than in the
lining of the uterus. Usually it implants in the oviduct. Which of the following would be the
most likely explanation for such a pregnancy being unsuccessful?
A) The orientation of the baby would be sideways.
B) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) cannot be produced in the oviduct.
C) The lining of the oviduct is unable to support the developing fetus.
D) The necessary hormones cannot reach the developing fetus in the
oviduct. Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application/Analysis
Section: 46.5
58) Use the following information to answer the question.
Estrogens found in the environment have raised concerns about effects on reproductive health of
animals. Researchers studied the effects that estrogens in the water have on sexual
differentiation in zebrafish. They exposed embryo-larval (0-21 days post-hatching), juvenile
(21-42 days post- hatching), and adult (over 200 days post-hatching) fish to three concentrations
of 17β-estradiol (5, 25, and 100 nanograms/liter) that are within the range of concentrations
found in water leaving sewage treatment plants in different countries. They then examined the
proportion of males and females when the fish exposed at embryo-larval and juvenile stages
reached adulthood. Embryo-larval stage fish that had been exposed to 100 ng/l 17β-estradiol
resulted in adult populations that had substantially more females than males compared to control
groups.
Embryo-larval fish that had been exposed to 5 and 25 ng/l of 17β-estradiol did not show a
statistically significant shift in the proportion of females. (Brion, F., C. R. Tyler, X. Palazzi, B.
Laillet, J. M. Porcher, J. Garric, and P. Flammarion. 2004. Impacts of 17β-estradiol, including
environmentally relevant concentrations, on reproduction after exposure during embryo-
larval-, juvenile-, and adult-life stages in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Aquatic Toxicology 68:193-
217.)
What is the significance of using the concentrations of 5, 25, and 100 ng/l of 17β-estradiol in
this experiment?
A) These concentrations are similar to those found in many animals.
B) These concentrations are found in the environment.
C) These concentrations are effective, yet not lethal to the fish.
D) These concentrations are standard in toxicology
assays. Answer: B
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application/Analysis
Section: 46.5
2
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
,CAMPBELL BIOLOGY PG 1001-1244
59) Use the following information to answer the question.
Estrogens found in the environment have raised concerns about effects on reproductive health of
animals. Researchers studied the effects that estrogens in the water have on sexual
differentiation in zebrafish. They exposed embryo-larval (0-21 days post-hatching), juvenile
(21-42 days post- hatching), and adult (over 200 days post-hatching) fish to three concentrations
of 17β-estradiol (5, 25, and 100 nanograms/liter) that are within the range of concentrations
found in water leaving sewage treatment plants in different countries. They then examined the
proportion of males and females when the fish exposed at embryo-larval and juvenile stages
reached adulthood. Embryo-larval stage fish that had been exposed to 100 ng/l 17β-estradiol
resulted in adult populations that had substantially more females than males compared to control
groups.
Embryo-larval fish that had been exposed to 5 and 25 ng/l of 17β-estradiol did not show a
statistically significant shift in the proportion of females. (Brion, F., C. R. Tyler, X. Palazzi, B.
Laillet, J. M. Porcher, J. Garric, and P. Flammarion. 2004. Impacts of 17β-estradiol, including
environmentally relevant concentrations, on reproduction after exposure during embryo-
larval-, juvenile-, and adult-life stages in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Aquatic Toxicology 68:193-
217.)
You are assigned to write the report to the Environmental Protection Agency that needs to decide
what level of 17β-estradiol to permit in sewage output. You do not want to make the level any
lower than necessary, because it requires substantial additional money for the extra treatment of
sewage. Given the data presented, what concentration of 17β-estradiol would you suggest is safe
to prevent feminization of fish?
A) 2.5 ng/l
B) 12.5 ng/l
C) 25 ng/l
D) 100 ng/l
Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Synthesis/Evaluation
Section: 46.5
60) Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the absence of a protective
filter blocking the passage of alcohol between the maternal and fetal circulations in humans?
A) There has not been enough time to evolve such a barrier.
B) Such a barrier would probably also block important molecules that need to be passed to
the fetus.
C) The maternal and fetal blood mix directly together in an area with many villi, so a barrier
is impossible.
D) Alcohol has some positive effects on the fetus, so evolution has resulted in an
intermediate level of filtering that blocks all but the worst abuses of alcohol.
Answer: B
Bloom's Taxonomy: Synthesis/Evaluation
Section: 46.5
3
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
, CAMPBELL BIOLOGY PG 1001-1244
46.2 Student Edition End-of-Chapter Questions
1) Which of the following characterizes parthenogenesis?
A) An individual may change its sex during its lifetime.
B) Specialized groups of cells grow into new individuals.
C) An organism is first a male and then a female.
D) An egg develops without being
fertilized. Answer: D
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
2) In male mammals, excretory and reproductive systems share
A) the vas deferens.
B) the urethra.
C) the seminal vesicle.
D) the prostate.
Answer: B
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
3) Which of the following is not properly paired?
A) seminiferous tubule—cervix
B) vas deferens—oviduct
C) testosterone—estradiol
D) scrotum—labia
majora Answer: A
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
4) Peaks of LH and FSH production occur during
A) the menstrual flow phase of the uterine cycle.
B) the beginning of the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle.
C) the period just before ovulation.
D) the secretory phase of the uterine
cycle. Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
5) During human gestation, rudiments of all organs develop
A) in the first trimester.
B) in the second trimester.
C) in the third trimester.
D) during the blastocyst
stage. Answer: A
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
4
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
