M1 Introductory Concepts in
Pathology
Module Overview
This first module covers seven lessons that give an understanding of the origins of
diseases and the transition of applying scientific methods to veterinary medicine in
different periods. It introduces the pioneering scientists and their respective medical
contributions to the field of veterinary pathology. This module also covers the
definition, related terms, branches, and aspects of studying veterinary pathology.
Furthermore, we also have lessons that introduce the different tools and types of
diagnoses in veterinary pathology. Also, we have to understand the general conflicts
of understanding pathology as the host-defense mechanisms can also lead to tissue
injuries. Finally, we end this module with the levels of the structural and functional
organization of a disease process.
L1.1: History of Pathology
Pathology
-study of anatomical, chemical, and physiological alterations in an organism as
a result of disease.
General Pathology
-concerned with basic alterations in tissues as the result of disease -
-study of the functional and morphological changes in the body during a
disease.
PREHISTORIC / STONE AGE
Herbs and animal concoctions
Relies on witch doctors
EGYPTIAN ERA
people of Nile influenced medicine in 4000 BC
M1 Introductory Concepts in Pathology 1
, Trephination - skull Surgery
Embalming and muminification
Illness- Divine displeasure
HEBREW ERA
Good hygiene and proper sanitation
Mosaic Doctrine - Ist ever recorded evidence of Systemic
meat inspection.
Laws of Moses - leviticus and Exodus emphasized the importance
of sanitation and hygiene.
GREEK ERA
originator of clinical medicine became common
1st ever clinicians to study symptoms to arrive at a diagnoisis.
Hippocrates, now called the Father of Medicine, was very famous during
this period. The Oath of Hippocrates concerning the practice and ethics of
medicine still exists as of today.
It was also during this period when the humoral theory of diseases became
popular. The theory based on the four Greek philosophy elements, namely,
air, water, fire, and earth, and its four qualities: moisture, cold, warmth, and
dryness. Humoral pathology talks about the idea that our body is composed
of four humors or fluids: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile. Table 1
summarizes the theory of humoral pathology. Proper mixing and a
combination of any of these humor resulted in a healthy individual.
Otherwise, diseases would occur.
Table 1. Concept of humoral pathology
Humors/Fluids Elements Qualities Origin
Blood Air Warm and moist Heart
Phlegm Water Cold and moist Brain
M1 Introductory Concepts in Pathology 2
, Humors/Fluids Elements Qualities Origin
Yellow bile Fire Warm and dry Liver
Black bile Earth Cold and dry Spleen
ROMAN ERA
Vet. Medicine started to be est, and
recognized.
Asclepiades believed in Atomic or corpuscular theory which states the basis
for restoring the harmony is by using diet, friction, bathing, and exercise.
Asyrtus - Vet. Teacher / Equine practioner
Renatus Vege tins- Father of Net. Med. - Ist book exclusive for
Vet med. He disregarded divine displeasure
ARAB ERA
lacked technical knowledge in agriculture husbandry, and veterinary
medicine, and so, they employed Hebrew scholars to translate information
into the Arabic tongue.
RENAISSANCE PERIOD
Ist school of vet med established
16th CENTURY
autopsies or post mortem examination and routine dissection became
common.
Scientists were able to write and record their findings, print thoughts, and
disseminate knowledge throughout the world.
17th CENTURY
science and literature flourished
Rudolf Virchow - Father of pathology - disproved the theory
of Spontaneous Generation of cells.
Claude Bourgelat- Equine Vet - est. 1st VET SCHOOL
in Lyon, France.
M1 Introductory Concepts in Pathology 3
Pathology
Module Overview
This first module covers seven lessons that give an understanding of the origins of
diseases and the transition of applying scientific methods to veterinary medicine in
different periods. It introduces the pioneering scientists and their respective medical
contributions to the field of veterinary pathology. This module also covers the
definition, related terms, branches, and aspects of studying veterinary pathology.
Furthermore, we also have lessons that introduce the different tools and types of
diagnoses in veterinary pathology. Also, we have to understand the general conflicts
of understanding pathology as the host-defense mechanisms can also lead to tissue
injuries. Finally, we end this module with the levels of the structural and functional
organization of a disease process.
L1.1: History of Pathology
Pathology
-study of anatomical, chemical, and physiological alterations in an organism as
a result of disease.
General Pathology
-concerned with basic alterations in tissues as the result of disease -
-study of the functional and morphological changes in the body during a
disease.
PREHISTORIC / STONE AGE
Herbs and animal concoctions
Relies on witch doctors
EGYPTIAN ERA
people of Nile influenced medicine in 4000 BC
M1 Introductory Concepts in Pathology 1
, Trephination - skull Surgery
Embalming and muminification
Illness- Divine displeasure
HEBREW ERA
Good hygiene and proper sanitation
Mosaic Doctrine - Ist ever recorded evidence of Systemic
meat inspection.
Laws of Moses - leviticus and Exodus emphasized the importance
of sanitation and hygiene.
GREEK ERA
originator of clinical medicine became common
1st ever clinicians to study symptoms to arrive at a diagnoisis.
Hippocrates, now called the Father of Medicine, was very famous during
this period. The Oath of Hippocrates concerning the practice and ethics of
medicine still exists as of today.
It was also during this period when the humoral theory of diseases became
popular. The theory based on the four Greek philosophy elements, namely,
air, water, fire, and earth, and its four qualities: moisture, cold, warmth, and
dryness. Humoral pathology talks about the idea that our body is composed
of four humors or fluids: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile. Table 1
summarizes the theory of humoral pathology. Proper mixing and a
combination of any of these humor resulted in a healthy individual.
Otherwise, diseases would occur.
Table 1. Concept of humoral pathology
Humors/Fluids Elements Qualities Origin
Blood Air Warm and moist Heart
Phlegm Water Cold and moist Brain
M1 Introductory Concepts in Pathology 2
, Humors/Fluids Elements Qualities Origin
Yellow bile Fire Warm and dry Liver
Black bile Earth Cold and dry Spleen
ROMAN ERA
Vet. Medicine started to be est, and
recognized.
Asclepiades believed in Atomic or corpuscular theory which states the basis
for restoring the harmony is by using diet, friction, bathing, and exercise.
Asyrtus - Vet. Teacher / Equine practioner
Renatus Vege tins- Father of Net. Med. - Ist book exclusive for
Vet med. He disregarded divine displeasure
ARAB ERA
lacked technical knowledge in agriculture husbandry, and veterinary
medicine, and so, they employed Hebrew scholars to translate information
into the Arabic tongue.
RENAISSANCE PERIOD
Ist school of vet med established
16th CENTURY
autopsies or post mortem examination and routine dissection became
common.
Scientists were able to write and record their findings, print thoughts, and
disseminate knowledge throughout the world.
17th CENTURY
science and literature flourished
Rudolf Virchow - Father of pathology - disproved the theory
of Spontaneous Generation of cells.
Claude Bourgelat- Equine Vet - est. 1st VET SCHOOL
in Lyon, France.
M1 Introductory Concepts in Pathology 3
