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Sumario Funciones Polinómicas

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En este documento se detalla paso a paso la resolución de diferentes ejercicios de funciones polinómicas. Incluye ejemplos. Se explican las ecuaciones lineales (polinómicas de grado 1) así como cuadráticas (polinómicas de grado 2).

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FUNCIONES POLINOMICAS


FUNCION LINEAL

F(x)=M.X + B (polinómica de grado 1)

FUNCION CUADRATICA

F(X)=AX2 + BX + C (polinómica de grado 2)



A partir de ahora hay que trabajar con funciones polinómicas de grado superior a dos, las
denominaremos funciones polinómicas en general.

Raíces de una función

Graficamente son los valores donde la función corta al eje x, por lo tanto son los valores que
hacen que la función (la y) valga cero.

Ademas de la forma polinomica

F(x)=axn + bxn-1+c.xn-2

Hay una forma de expresión que utiliza las raíces que se denomina forma factorizada

F(x)=a.(x-x1).(x-x2) (forma factorizada de la función cuadrática)

El grado de la función me indica el máximo posible de raíces de una función

F(x)=a.(x-x1).(x-x2).(x-x3)(x-x4)….

Ejemplo

F(x)= 2.(x-3).(x+2).(x+4)2

F(x)= 2.(x-3).(x+2).(x+4).(x+4)

Raíces={3,-2,-4}

La cantidad de veces que aparece un número como raíz es el orden de multiplicidad de esa raíz.

La raíz x=3 tiene un orden de multiplicidad 1

La raíz x=-2 tiene un orden de multiplicidad de 1

La raíz x=-4 tiene un orden de multiplicidad de 2

Página 68

Ejercicio 2

a)5 es de orden 1 y -3 es de orden 2

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