NUR 2474: Pharmacology for Professional Nursing Exam 1 Study Guide (Latest 2022 / 2023) Rasmussen

• Drugs that PRODUCE a response? o Agonist • Drugs that PREVENT a response? o Antagonist • Therapeutic WINDOW is what? o Level of the drug between minimal effective concentration in the plasma for obtaining desired drug response and the minimal toxic concentration • The time it takes for ½ of the drug concentration to be eliminated from the body is called? o Half life • What is a patient on two highly protein bound drugs at risk for o Accumulation and toxicity o A decreased responsiveness over the course of therapy which may lead to the need to increase dosages to attain the same effect tolerance • What is it called for drugs to share many common features o Classification or class • What makes drugs fit into the same “class” o Related by chemical structure o Work in the same way o Used for the same purpose • Another name for antagonist? o Adrenergic blocker • Who do you not give antagonist or adrenergic blocker to? o Asthma client • Beta blockers commonly seen in what clients? o Hypertension • Antagonist suffix o LOL • Antagonist S/S o Decreased HR o Rest and digest o Bronchospasm • Agonist S/S o Increased HR, Fight or flight, Vasoconstriction, Increase blood sugar • Before administering antagonist what do you check o HR and BP • Cholinergic o Salivate, Lacrimation, Urinate, Defecate, Decreased weight • Anticholinergic o Can’t see, pee, spit, poop, and increase HR • What type of drug is Reglan? o Cholinergic • How do you treat cholinergic crisis o Atropine • Cholinergic crisis S/S o Flushing, sweating, nausea, ab cramping • Anticholinergic drugs are contraindicated in who? o Coronary artery disease (increase HR) o GI obstruction (constipation) o Supraventricular tachycardia (increase HR) • CNS stimulant drugs are contraindicated in who? o Coronary artery disease (cause vasoconstriction=heart attack) o Hypertension (additive hypertension=stroke) • Hemorrhagic stroke o Increase BP o Increase HR o Increased RR o Unresponsive to deep pain • Anorexiants can lead to what? o 16x greater risk for stroke • Most common side effects of Ritalin o Irritability o Insomnia ▪ Weight loss ▪ Decrease appetite • Benzodiazepines increase activity to what neurotransmitter (PAM & LAM) o GABA • Reversal to benzodiazepines o Flumazenil • Ambien side effects o Sedative/hypnotic o Suicidal ideation o Dependence o Abnormal behavior