Running head: DNA, RNA & PROTEIN SYNTHESIS 1
DNA, RNA & Protein Synthesis
Summary
Name
Institution
Course
Tutor
Date
,DNA, RNA & PROTEIN SYNTHESIS 2
DNA, RNA & Protein Synthesis
describe evidence that DNA carries genetic information
Mendel: coined “units of inheritance” (later turned genes)
Miescher: isolated “nuclein”(DNA) from pus cells
Morgan: studied drosophilia “genes are on chromosomes”
Chromosomes contain proteins and DNA
Griffith: Experiments on strains of a pneumoniae bacterium passed genetic
material from one bacteria to another there is an inheritance factor
Inheritance factor is probably protein
Avery: destroyed everything but the DNA and transformation still occurred
Hershey-Chase: Worked with virus T2: discovered that only the DNA enters the
cell
DNA is inheritance factor
Chargaff: composition of DNA differed between species
, DNA, RNA & PROTEIN SYNTHESIS 3
show that DNA is an anti-parallel double-stranded polynucleotide in
which base pairing plays a crucial role
Base pairs:
Purine: A&G two fused rings
Pyrimidine C&T one ring
Watson & Crick: double helix structure
- Sugar-phosphate backbone
- Strands run antiparallel (5’-3’ and 3’-5’)
- Bases are on the inside
- Phosphate (polar, hydrophilic) outside
explain the Meselson-Stahl experiment to demonstrate semi-conservative
replication of DNA
Semi-conservative model: each strand of DNA serves as a template to make a
new, complementary strand
Conservative replication: DNA replication results in one molecule that
consists of both original DNA strands) and another molecule that consists of two
new strands
Dispersive replication DNA replication results in two DNA molecules that are
mixtures, or “hybrids,” of parental and daughter DNA. In this model, each
individual strand is a patchwork of original and new DNA
DNA, RNA & Protein Synthesis
Summary
Name
Institution
Course
Tutor
Date
,DNA, RNA & PROTEIN SYNTHESIS 2
DNA, RNA & Protein Synthesis
describe evidence that DNA carries genetic information
Mendel: coined “units of inheritance” (later turned genes)
Miescher: isolated “nuclein”(DNA) from pus cells
Morgan: studied drosophilia “genes are on chromosomes”
Chromosomes contain proteins and DNA
Griffith: Experiments on strains of a pneumoniae bacterium passed genetic
material from one bacteria to another there is an inheritance factor
Inheritance factor is probably protein
Avery: destroyed everything but the DNA and transformation still occurred
Hershey-Chase: Worked with virus T2: discovered that only the DNA enters the
cell
DNA is inheritance factor
Chargaff: composition of DNA differed between species
, DNA, RNA & PROTEIN SYNTHESIS 3
show that DNA is an anti-parallel double-stranded polynucleotide in
which base pairing plays a crucial role
Base pairs:
Purine: A&G two fused rings
Pyrimidine C&T one ring
Watson & Crick: double helix structure
- Sugar-phosphate backbone
- Strands run antiparallel (5’-3’ and 3’-5’)
- Bases are on the inside
- Phosphate (polar, hydrophilic) outside
explain the Meselson-Stahl experiment to demonstrate semi-conservative
replication of DNA
Semi-conservative model: each strand of DNA serves as a template to make a
new, complementary strand
Conservative replication: DNA replication results in one molecule that
consists of both original DNA strands) and another molecule that consists of two
new strands
Dispersive replication DNA replication results in two DNA molecules that are
mixtures, or “hybrids,” of parental and daughter DNA. In this model, each
individual strand is a patchwork of original and new DNA
