LATEST 2021 Rasmussen CollegeNUR 2092final exam concepts guide

1. Know the difference between subjective and objective data.  Subjective: What a person says about themselves o Example: “My BP was 118/90 yesterday” and pain  Objective: What you observe through measurement, inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation o Examples: Meter readings, vital signs, and measurements 2. Barriers to communication. What are they?  The use of jargon  Emotional barriers and taboo  Lack of attention, interest, distractions, or irrelevance to the receiver  Difference in viewpoint  Physical barriers to non-verbal communication  Physical or mental disabilities (Physical: Hearing problems. Mental: Down Syndrome)  Language differences and difficulty understanding unfamiliar accents  Cultural difference. 3. Traps of interviewing-Chapter 3  Providing false assurance or reassurance  Giving unwanted advice  Using authority  Using avoidance language  Distancing  Using professional jargon  Using leading or bias questions  Talking too much  Interrupting  Using “why” questions 4.Open ended questions vs closed ended questions. Know the difference and when to use them during the interview process.  Open ended: Questions asking for narrative information o When to use them:  Use it to begin the interview  Introduce a new section of questions  Whenever the person introduces a new topic  Closed (direct) questions: Asking for specific information. Elicit a short, one- or two-word answer, a “yes” or “no” or a forced choice. o Used in an emergency to obtain information quickly 5. Components of a Health History -Chapter 4.  Biographical data  Source of history  Reason for seeking care  Present health or history of present illness  Past health  Family history  Review of systems  Functional assessment including activities of daily living 6. General survey and what it consists of.  Initial inspection  Observe posture  Hygiene