Med-Surg Exam 5 _ 2021/2022 – Rasmussen College | Med-Surg Exam 5 _ Graded A+

Med-Surg Exam 5 _ 2021/2022 – Rasmussen College Graded A+ The nurse assessing a patient ANS: B with vomiting and diarrhea observes that the urine is scant The antidiuretic hormone controls how much water and concentrated. Which leaves the body by reabsorbing water in the renal controlling factor is tubules. responsible for compensatory reabsorption of water? a. Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus b. Antidiuretic hormone in the posterior pituitary c. Baroreceptors in the carotid sinus d. Insulin from the pancreas The nurse is caring for a patient with a potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L. The nurse should carefully monitor the patient for which potential problem? a. Excessive urinary output b. Abdominal distention c. Increased reflexes ANS: B A potassium level lower than 3.5 mEq/L results in reduced urine output, cardiac dysrhythmia, muscle weakness, abdominal pain and distention, paralytic ileus, lethargy, and confusion. While the nurse is washing the ANS: B face of a patient in renal failure, Chvostek sign is a signal of hypocalcemia. It occurs the patient demonstrates a when the facial nerve is tapped or stroked about an spasm of the lips and face. inch in front of the earlobe and results in unilateral Which laboratory value twitching of the face. Hypocalcemia occurs when corresponds with the nurse's the calcium level drops below 8.4. A potassium level assessment findings? of 3.4 mEq/L and a sodium level of 140 mEq/L are findings within normal limits. A patient in renal failure a. Potassium of 3.4 mEq/L is most likely to have a high phosphorus level rather b. Calcium of 7.9 mg/dL than a low phosphorus level, and 2.8 mg/dL is within c. Sodium of 140 mEq/L the range consistent with hypophosphatemia. d. Phosphorus of 2.8 mg/dL Which finding is most important for the nurse to confirm prior to hanging an intravenous (IV) bag containing potassium? a. Verify a blood pressure of at least 60 mm Hg diastolic. b. Check for urine output of at least 30 mL/hr. c. Ensure filter placement on the IV line. d. Verify a pulse of at least 50 beats/min. ANS: B An adequate urine output must be present prior to the administration of potassium to ensure adequate excretion of potassium, preventing hyperkalemia.