NURS 6501 Knowledge Check 1

NURS 6501 Knowledge Check 1 Module 2: Cardiovasular and Respiratory Disorders # Question Student Answer 1 1 of 2: Why is HDL considered the “good” cholesterol? High density lipoprotein (HDL) are known as the "good" cholesterol because it helps to keep cholesterol levels down by removing excess cholesterol from the bloodstream. HDL picks up the extra cholesterol in the blood stream and transports it to the liver where it is broken down and excreted from the body. 2 of 2: Explain the role 2 inflammation has in the development of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis develops due to the build up of plaque in the arteries which can be cause by inflammation of the arterial wall. The build up of plaque decreases the blood flow to the patient's heart and brain which puts them at risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke. What does the Advanced 3 Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) recognize as the result of the pleural friction rub? Pericarditis is the inflammation of the pericardium which is a thin membrane around the heart. The inflammation of the pericardium causes the layers of the heart to rub together cause a pericardial friction rub. The sharp retrosternal chest pain the patient presents with is a symptom of the pericardial friction rub which is being caused by the pericarditis. Explain how a positive strep test 4 has caused the patient’s symptoms. Rheumatic heart disease is caused by infection due to group A hemolytic Streptococcus. It results in scarring and deformity of the heart. In this scenario the patient was lead to believe he had the flu and contributed his sore throat to this diagnosis. The patient actually had strep throat which he tested positive for. The untreated strep lead the patient to develop his other symptoms of lymphadenopathy and tachycardia. These symptoms are associated with rheumatic fever. Describe the factors that could have contributed to the 5 development of a DVT in this patient explain how each of the factors could cause DVT. The patient recently had a left total hip replacement which increases her risk of a DVT. All postoperative patients are at risk for developing DVT's due to lack of movement. Her nausea and vomiting also inhibited her ability to get up and work with therapy which ultimately but her at risk for developing a DVT. The patients weight also puts her at risk for developing a DVT. Explain why a large pulmonary 6 embolus interferes with oxygenation. A pulmonary embolus is a blood clot that sits in or blocks the pulmonary artery. The heart pumps blood through the pulmonary artery in order for it to be carried to the lungs for oxygenation. When there is a clot in the pulmonary artery it can cause a decrease in blood pressure and interferes with oxygenation.