Nutrition test 2 preparation
Nutrition, Health & Wellness (Chamberlain University)
,ANTIOXIDANTS
• Includes vitamins Beta-carotene (pro-vitamin A), C, E, selenium
• Protect cells from damage caused by free radicals which are formed during
metabolism of oxygen. Ie cancer causing stuff
• May help prevent chronic diseases: cancers, cardiovascular disease, slows
Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) ( Mediterranean diet is full of
antioxidants), cataracts
• Preserves food, PUFA by blocking oxidation; either by natural or synthetic
form of vitamin E (tocopherol) or vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
Thiamine B1-
Deficiencv:
Wernicke-Korsakoff svndrome, Wernicke's encephalopathy- happens in
alcoholics who are deficient in thiamine,
Beri Beri- ataxia, muscle wasting
Drug interactions: Loop diuretics, antacids
RIBOFLAVIN (B2)
Helps with vision and skin health
Deficiency: Glossitis, seborrheic dermatitis, cheilosis, swollen lips, Cheilosis
(cracks at corners of mouth)
, Note- Very sensitive to light!
Who's at risk: Athletes, growing, wound healing, pregnancy, lactation,
VEGANS
NIACIN (B3)
Megadoses: cholesterol, LDL, HDL
Deficiencv: Pellagra (dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea), psychosis
Drug interactions: Allopurinol- (for Gout), alcohol, anti-diabetic meds
Body converts the amino acid tryptophan to Niacin if needed
Who's at risk: ETOH, poor, malabsorption
New forms of nicotinic acid reduce the flushing, vasodilation side effect.
Nicotinamide (niacinamide) does not cause these side effects. Niacin can cause
increase in blood sugar, decreases effectiveness of allopurinol and leads to increase
in uric acid—gout
Pyridoxine (B6): Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)
Hemoglobin synthesis, CAD
Deficiencv: rash, itchy skin, altered nerve function/ weakness, anemia
Nutrition, Health & Wellness (Chamberlain University)
,ANTIOXIDANTS
• Includes vitamins Beta-carotene (pro-vitamin A), C, E, selenium
• Protect cells from damage caused by free radicals which are formed during
metabolism of oxygen. Ie cancer causing stuff
• May help prevent chronic diseases: cancers, cardiovascular disease, slows
Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) ( Mediterranean diet is full of
antioxidants), cataracts
• Preserves food, PUFA by blocking oxidation; either by natural or synthetic
form of vitamin E (tocopherol) or vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
Thiamine B1-
Deficiencv:
Wernicke-Korsakoff svndrome, Wernicke's encephalopathy- happens in
alcoholics who are deficient in thiamine,
Beri Beri- ataxia, muscle wasting
Drug interactions: Loop diuretics, antacids
RIBOFLAVIN (B2)
Helps with vision and skin health
Deficiency: Glossitis, seborrheic dermatitis, cheilosis, swollen lips, Cheilosis
(cracks at corners of mouth)
, Note- Very sensitive to light!
Who's at risk: Athletes, growing, wound healing, pregnancy, lactation,
VEGANS
NIACIN (B3)
Megadoses: cholesterol, LDL, HDL
Deficiencv: Pellagra (dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea), psychosis
Drug interactions: Allopurinol- (for Gout), alcohol, anti-diabetic meds
Body converts the amino acid tryptophan to Niacin if needed
Who's at risk: ETOH, poor, malabsorption
New forms of nicotinic acid reduce the flushing, vasodilation side effect.
Nicotinamide (niacinamide) does not cause these side effects. Niacin can cause
increase in blood sugar, decreases effectiveness of allopurinol and leads to increase
in uric acid—gout
Pyridoxine (B6): Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)
Hemoglobin synthesis, CAD
Deficiencv: rash, itchy skin, altered nerve function/ weakness, anemia
