LESSON 13
DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY OF UROGENITAL SYSTEM AND
ASSOCIATED DISEASES
Plain abdominal radiographs
A plain radiograph of the abdomen should be obtained before any contrast
examination because calcification may later be masked by the contrast medium.For
example, kidney calcification on plain abdominal radiography is seen in renal
tuberculosis. A simple routine is to expose a full-length film in inspiration and a
coned view of the kidneys in expiration. The change in position of the kidneys at
these different phases of respiration will show whether a concretion is intrarenal
because its position is constantly related to the kidney, or separate from the kidney.
The main method used in the study of kidney vessels is selective contrast
angiography. For differentiation of the folding of the kidney and congenital
hypoplasia angiography is useful also.
Intravenous urogram-IVU
The IVU, or excretion urogram, is still the most valuable examination of the
urinary tract. It gives excellent anatomical images of the kidneys and, to some
extent, an indication of their function.In order to obtain a good demonstration of
the renal outlines, a film coned to the renal area should be taken immediately after
the injection of contrast medium (the 1 min film). A film at 5 min coned to the
renal area will show early filling of the pelvicaliceal system and the relationship of
the calices to the renal outline. For diagnose renal anomalies such as double kidney
or renal dystopia IVU is more useful method. Nephroptosis is changing of normal
localisation of kidney and appears on IVU clearly.
In IVU Radiographic signs of bladder tumors are growing towards the center are
filling defect, rough edges.To Urinary bladder diverticulum is character delayed
DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY OF UROGENITAL SYSTEM AND
ASSOCIATED DISEASES
Plain abdominal radiographs
A plain radiograph of the abdomen should be obtained before any contrast
examination because calcification may later be masked by the contrast medium.For
example, kidney calcification on plain abdominal radiography is seen in renal
tuberculosis. A simple routine is to expose a full-length film in inspiration and a
coned view of the kidneys in expiration. The change in position of the kidneys at
these different phases of respiration will show whether a concretion is intrarenal
because its position is constantly related to the kidney, or separate from the kidney.
The main method used in the study of kidney vessels is selective contrast
angiography. For differentiation of the folding of the kidney and congenital
hypoplasia angiography is useful also.
Intravenous urogram-IVU
The IVU, or excretion urogram, is still the most valuable examination of the
urinary tract. It gives excellent anatomical images of the kidneys and, to some
extent, an indication of their function.In order to obtain a good demonstration of
the renal outlines, a film coned to the renal area should be taken immediately after
the injection of contrast medium (the 1 min film). A film at 5 min coned to the
renal area will show early filling of the pelvicaliceal system and the relationship of
the calices to the renal outline. For diagnose renal anomalies such as double kidney
or renal dystopia IVU is more useful method. Nephroptosis is changing of normal
localisation of kidney and appears on IVU clearly.
In IVU Radiographic signs of bladder tumors are growing towards the center are
filling defect, rough edges.To Urinary bladder diverticulum is character delayed
