Midterm Review

Chapter 24: The Digestive System • Functions of the Digestive System o Ingesting: taking food into mouth o Secretion: release of water, acid, buffers, and enzymes into lumen of GI tract. o Mixing and propulsion: churning and movement of food through GI tract. o Digestion: mechanical and chemical breakdown of food o Absorption: passage of digestion products from GI tract into blood and lymph o Defecation: elimination of feces from GI tract. • Overview of the Digestive System o Digestive System: consist of a group of organs that break down the food we eat into smaller molecules that can be use by body cells. o Gastrointestinal (GI) tract organs (alimentary canal): it is a continuous tube that extends from the mouth to the anus through the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities. ▪ Organs include: mouth, most of pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum o Accessory digestive organs: includes teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas o GI tract organs breaks down the food and help in digestion and accessory digestive organs provides enzymes and hormones as well as buffers and ions that line the tract break down the food chemically. ..............................................................................CONTINUED