Exam (elaborations) BIOLOGY 101 GIZMOS Circulatory System Gizmo SE

Exam (elaborations) BIOLOGY 101 GIZMOS Circulatory System Gizmo SE Vocabulary: artery, atrium, blood vessel, capillary, circulatory system, heart, platelet, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, red blood cell, urea, ventricle, vein, white blood cell Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. Why do you need blood? To regulate the blood flow and carries water and minerals. 0. What organ pushes blood through your body? The Heart Gizmo Warm-up The Circulatory System Gizmo™ shows the heart and blood vessels that make up the circulatory system. Look at the heart. 1. How many chambers does the heart have? It has 4 chambers 2. Do you see tiny “doors” that open and close as blood is pumped through the heart? Yes These are valves. Valves keep blood from flowing backward in the heart and blood vessels. 0. Turn on Show labels. What are the names of the chambers? Right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle 1. Click PLAY and listen for the two parts of the heartbeat, nicknamed “lub” and “dub.” (Note: The recording is not in sync with the heart animation.) Observe the heart. A. Which chambers contract during “lub”? Right atrium, and left Atrium A. Which chambers contract during “dub”? Right ventricle, left ventricle BIOLOGY 101 GIZMOS Circulatory System Gizmo SE 2. Challenge: Why do you think the left atrium and left ventricle are shown on the right side of the diagram? X ray was taken on someone’s back to show it better. Activity A: Blood flow Get the Gizmo ready: ● Turn off Show labels. ● Turn on Show blood flow. 0. Question: How does blood flow through the heart? 1. Observe: Blood in each chamber of the heart is represented by little balls. Observe the balls as they move through the heart and lungs. 2. Label: Turn on Show labels. Label the four chambers of the heart on the diagram. Then draw arrows to show the direction that blood flows through the heart. Starting at the right atrium, in what order does blood flow through the four chambers? right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle 0. Analyze: Observe the path of blood that leaves each ventricle. A. Where does blood from the right ventricle go? the head__ A. Where does blood from the left ventricle go? ___the lungs____________ 1. Collect data: Use the syringe to collect a blood sample from the right ventricle (on the left side of the heart diagram). Look at the Data from blood sample numbers. A. What is the concentration of oxygen in this sample? It is mostly red blood cells with some white blood cells 34.8. A. What is the concentration of carbon dioxide in this sample? 47.6 2. Collect data: Now collect a blood sample from the left atrium. A. What is the concentration of oxygen in this sample? _91.3 __ A. What is the concentration of carbon dioxide in this sample? 38.6 3. Draw conclusions: Between the right ventricle and the left atrium, blood goes through the lungs. Based on the data you have collected, what happens in the lungs? The Right pumps slower to get the oxygen it needs too, to the brain in order it to function. And the left goes to the lungs so it can pump air faster so we can breathe. _________________________________________________________________________ Activity B: Blood circulation Get the Gizmo ready: ● Check that Show labels is on. ● Turn on Show blood flow. Question: How is blood carried to different parts of the body? 1. Observe: Watch the blood after it leaves the left ventricle. What are some places that blood goes after leaving the heart? Right kidney, left kidney, head, lungs, intestines, and the liver. 2. Compare: The Gizmo shows three types of blood vessels. Arteries carry blood away from the heart, capillaries carry blood to body cells, and veins carry blood back to the heart. Locate examples of arteries, veins, and capillaries. Use the syringe to take blood samples from several different veins and arteries. A. Which type of blood vessel usually carries oxygen-rich blood? veins B. Which type of blood vessel usually carries oxygen-poor blood? __arteries__ C. In which type of blood vessel is oxygen released into body cells? capillaries 3. Challenge: The pulmonary artery carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. The pulmonary vein carries blood from the lungs back to the left atrium. Locate these blood vessels, and use the syringe to take a blood sample from each. A. How is the blood in the pulmonary artery different from blood in other arteries? It is different because it is lower in oxygen than the vein. B. How is the blood in the pulmonary vein different from blood in other veins? It is higher in oxygen than the artery. ______ 4. Extend your thinking: How is the circulatory system similar to a road-and-highway system? It is similar because the veins and arteries are like roads that go to places. They follow the roads and pick up things along the way. _______________________________________________________________________