Male genital system
Tuesday, 2 November 2021 10:23 AM
Pelvis
- Bones and ligaments
○ Bony pelvis made of
§ Sacrum
§ Coccyx
§ Pelvic bones
○ 3 pelvic bones on each side
§ Ilium
§ Ischium
□ What you sit on
§ Pubis
○ Pubic symphysis
§ Cartilaginous joint
§ between the two pubic bones
§ Most of these joints in the hip don’t provide
movement but they hold the structures together
○ Sacrococcygeal joint
§ Cartilaginous joint
§ Strengthened by a few ligaments
○ Sacroiliac joints
§ Articulations between the auricular surfaces of the
sacrum and ilium on each side
§ True synovial joints
§ Strengthened by various ligaments
□ Sacrospinous ligament
® Thin triangular ligament
® Sacrum to Ischium spine
□ Sacrotuberous ligament
® Sacrum to the ischium tuberosity
® Also part of boundary of pelvic outlet
□ Forms greater sciatic foramen
® larger
® Separated from the lesser sciatic foramen
via the sacrospinous ligament
□ Lesser sciatic foramen
® Lies inferiorly to the pelvic floor
□ sciatic nerve flows through
- Boundaries
, ® Separated from the lesser sciatic foramen
via the sacrospinous ligament
□ Lesser sciatic foramen
® Lies inferiorly to the pelvic floor
□ sciatic nerve flows through
- Boundaries
○ The pelvic inlet is represented by an imaginary line drawn
from
§ promontory of the sacrum (Posterior)
§ to the superior pole of the pubic symphysis
(anterior)
§ More bony than outlet
□ Since outlet has a posterior surface made from
ligament
○ The pelvic outlet is represented by an imaginary line drawn
from the
§ sacrococcygeal joint to the
§ inferior pole of the pubic symphysis
§ Sacrotuberous ligament
○ transverse diameter of the pelvic inlet
§ marked by the widest distance between the left and
right iliopectineal lines
§ To measure how large pelvic inlet is to determine is
birthing is safe
□ Or do C section
○ The transverse diameter of the pelvic outlet
§ marked by distance between the two ischial
tuberosities
○ Female pelvis
§ Wider pelvic inlet (oval shape)
§ A wider angle between the two inferior pubic rami
§ And more forward tilting
§ Narrowest measurement
□ Promontory of sacrum to superior edge of pubic
symphysis
® True conjugate
§ From promontory of sacrum to inferior edge of pubic
symphysis
□ False conjugate
□ This is the only conjugate that you can measure
manually without x-ray
® During pregnancy check ups
® Then use the value to estimate true
conjugate
- Walls of pelvic cavity
○ Anterior
§ Pubic symphysis and pubic bones
Tuesday, 2 November 2021 10:23 AM
Pelvis
- Bones and ligaments
○ Bony pelvis made of
§ Sacrum
§ Coccyx
§ Pelvic bones
○ 3 pelvic bones on each side
§ Ilium
§ Ischium
□ What you sit on
§ Pubis
○ Pubic symphysis
§ Cartilaginous joint
§ between the two pubic bones
§ Most of these joints in the hip don’t provide
movement but they hold the structures together
○ Sacrococcygeal joint
§ Cartilaginous joint
§ Strengthened by a few ligaments
○ Sacroiliac joints
§ Articulations between the auricular surfaces of the
sacrum and ilium on each side
§ True synovial joints
§ Strengthened by various ligaments
□ Sacrospinous ligament
® Thin triangular ligament
® Sacrum to Ischium spine
□ Sacrotuberous ligament
® Sacrum to the ischium tuberosity
® Also part of boundary of pelvic outlet
□ Forms greater sciatic foramen
® larger
® Separated from the lesser sciatic foramen
via the sacrospinous ligament
□ Lesser sciatic foramen
® Lies inferiorly to the pelvic floor
□ sciatic nerve flows through
- Boundaries
, ® Separated from the lesser sciatic foramen
via the sacrospinous ligament
□ Lesser sciatic foramen
® Lies inferiorly to the pelvic floor
□ sciatic nerve flows through
- Boundaries
○ The pelvic inlet is represented by an imaginary line drawn
from
§ promontory of the sacrum (Posterior)
§ to the superior pole of the pubic symphysis
(anterior)
§ More bony than outlet
□ Since outlet has a posterior surface made from
ligament
○ The pelvic outlet is represented by an imaginary line drawn
from the
§ sacrococcygeal joint to the
§ inferior pole of the pubic symphysis
§ Sacrotuberous ligament
○ transverse diameter of the pelvic inlet
§ marked by the widest distance between the left and
right iliopectineal lines
§ To measure how large pelvic inlet is to determine is
birthing is safe
□ Or do C section
○ The transverse diameter of the pelvic outlet
§ marked by distance between the two ischial
tuberosities
○ Female pelvis
§ Wider pelvic inlet (oval shape)
§ A wider angle between the two inferior pubic rami
§ And more forward tilting
§ Narrowest measurement
□ Promontory of sacrum to superior edge of pubic
symphysis
® True conjugate
§ From promontory of sacrum to inferior edge of pubic
symphysis
□ False conjugate
□ This is the only conjugate that you can measure
manually without x-ray
® During pregnancy check ups
® Then use the value to estimate true
conjugate
- Walls of pelvic cavity
○ Anterior
§ Pubic symphysis and pubic bones
